Use ULFO format for non-compat disk images (requires macOS 10.11+).

This reverts commit 1a63cc4a41.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 blank_issues_enabled: false
 contact_links:
+  - name: Frequently Asked Questions
+    url: https://github.com/OpenRA/OpenRA/wiki/FAQ#frequently-asked-questions
+    about: Explanations for common problems and questions.
   - name: OpenRA Forum
     url: https://forum.openra.net/
-    about: "Please ask questions about modding here."
+    about: Please ask questions about modding here.
   - name: OpenRA Discord server
     url: https://discord.openra.net/
-    about: "Join the community Discord server for community discussion and support."
+    about: Join the community Discord server for community discussion and support.
   - name: OpenRA IRC Channel
     url: https://webchat.freenode.net/#openra
-    about: "Join our development IRC channel on freenode for discussion of development topics."
+    about: Join our development IRC channel on freenode for discussion of development topics.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/crash-report.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 name: Crash report
-about: Report a game crash.
+about: Report a game crash. Check the FAQ first https://github.com/OpenRA/OpenRA/wiki/FAQ#common-issues
 title: My game crashed
 labels: Crash
 assignees: ''

.github/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+name: Continuous Integration
+
+on:
+  push:
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ bleed ]
+
+jobs:
+  linux-mono:
+    name: Linux (mono)
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Check Code
+        run: |
+          mono --version
+          make check
+
+      - name: Check Mods
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get install lua5.1
+          make check-scripts
+          make test
+
+  windows:
+    name: Windows (Net 5.0)
+    runs-on: windows-2019
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Install .NET 5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v1
+        with:
+          dotnet-version: '5.0.x'
+
+      - name: Check Code
+        shell: powershell
+        run: |
+          # Work around runtime failures on the GH Actions runner
+          dotnet nuget locals all --clear
+          .\make.ps1 check
+          dotnet build OpenRA.Test\OpenRA.Test.csproj -c Debug --nologo -p:TargetPlatform=win-x64
+          dotnet test bin\OpenRA.Test.dll --test-adapter-path:.
+
+      - name: Check Mods
+        run: |
+          chocolatey install lua --version 5.1.5.52
+          $ENV:Path = $ENV:Path + ";C:\Program Files (x86)\Lua\5.1\"
+          .\make.ps1 check-scripts
+          .\make.ps1 test

.github/workflows/documentation.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+name: Deploy Documentation
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      tag:
+        description: 'Git Tag'
+        required: true
+        default: 'release-xxxxxxxx'
+
+jobs:
+  wiki:
+    name: Update Wiki
+    if: github.repository == 'openra/openra'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+
+      - name: Prepare Environment
+        run: |
+          make all
+
+      - name: Clone Wiki
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          repository: openra/openra.wiki
+          token: ${{ secrets.DOCS_TOKEN }}
+          path: wiki
+
+      - name: Update Wiki (Playtest)
+        if: startsWith(github.event.inputs.tag, 'playtest-')
+        env:
+          GIT_TAG: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+        run: |
+          ./utility.sh all --settings-docs "${GIT_TAG}" > "wiki/Settings (playtest).md"
+
+      - name: Update Wiki (Release)
+        if: startsWith(github.event.inputs.tag, 'release-')
+        env:
+          GIT_TAG: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+        run: |
+          ./utility.sh all --settings-docs "${GIT_TAG}" > "wiki/Settings.md"
+
+      - name: Push Wiki
+        env:
+          GIT_TAG: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+        run: |
+          cd wiki
+          git config --local user.email "actions@github.com"
+          git config --local user.name "GitHub Actions"
+          git add --all
+          git commit -m "Update auto-generated documentation for ${GIT_TAG}"
+          git push origin master
+
+  docs:
+    name: Update docs.openra.net
+    if: github.repository == 'openra/openra'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+
+      - name: Prepare Environment
+        run: |
+          make all
+
+      - name: Clone docs.openra.net
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        with:
+          repository: openra/docs
+          token: ${{ secrets.DOCS_TOKEN }}
+          path: docs
+
+      - name: Update docs.openra.net (Playtest)
+        if: startsWith(github.event.inputs.tag, 'playtest-')
+        env:
+          GIT_TAG: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+        run: |
+          ./utility.sh all --docs "${GIT_TAG}" > "docs/api/playtest/traits.md"
+          ./utility.sh all --weapon-docs "${GIT_TAG}" > "docs/api/playtest/weapons.md"
+          ./utility.sh all --lua-docs "${GIT_TAG}" > "docs/api/playtest/lua.md"
+
+      - name: Update docs.openra.net (Release)
+        if: startsWith(github.event.inputs.tag, 'release-')
+        env:
+          GIT_TAG: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+        run: |
+          ./utility.sh all --docs "${GIT_TAG}" > "docs/api/release/traits.md"
+          ./utility.sh all --weapon-docs "${GIT_TAG}" > "docs/api/release/weapons.md"
+          ./utility.sh all --lua-docs "${GIT_TAG}" > "docs/api/release/lua.md"
+
+      - name: Push docs.openra.net
+        env:
+          GIT_TAG: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+        run: |
+          cd docs
+          git config --local user.email "actions@github.com"
+          git config --local user.name "GitHub Actions"
+          git add --all
+          git commit -m "Update auto-generated documentation for ${GIT_TAG}"
+          git push origin master
+

.github/workflows/itch.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+name: Deploy itch.io Packages
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      tag:
+        description: 'Git Tag'
+        required: true
+        default: 'release-xxxxxxxx'
+
+jobs:
+  itch:
+    name: Deploy to itch.io
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    if: github.repository == 'openra/openra'
+    steps:
+      - name: Download Packages
+        env:
+          GIT_TAG: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+        run: |
+          wget -q "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${GIT_TAG}/OpenRA-${GIT_TAG}-x64.exe"
+          wget -q "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${GIT_TAG}/OpenRA-${GIT_TAG}-x64-winportable.zip" -O "OpenRA-${GIT_TAG}-x64-win-itch.zip"
+          wget -q "https://github.com${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${GIT_TAG}/OpenRA-${GIT_TAG}.dmg"
+          wget -q "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${GIT_TAG}/OpenRA-Dune-2000-x86_64.AppImage"
+          wget -q "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${GIT_TAG}/OpenRA-Red-Alert-x86_64.AppImage"
+          wget -q "https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${GIT_TAG}/OpenRA-Tiberian-Dawn-x86_64.AppImage"
+          wget -q "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${{ github.repository }}/${GIT_TAG}/packaging/.itch.toml"
+          zip -u "OpenRA-${GIT_TAG}-x64-win-itch.zip" .itch.toml
+
+      - name: Publish Windows Installer
+        uses: josephbmanley/butler-publish-itchio-action@master
+        env:
+          BUTLER_CREDENTIALS: ${{ secrets.BUTLER_CREDENTIALS }}
+          CHANNEL: win
+          ITCH_GAME: openra
+          ITCH_USER: openra-developers
+          VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+          PACKAGE: OpenRA-${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}}-x64.exe"
+
+      - name: Publish Windows Itch Bundle
+        uses: josephbmanley/butler-publish-itchio-action@master
+        env:
+          BUTLER_CREDENTIALS: ${{ secrets.BUTLER_CREDENTIALS }}
+          CHANNEL: itch
+          ITCH_GAME: openra
+          ITCH_USER: openra-developers
+          VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+          PACKAGE: OpenRA-${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}-x64-win-itch.zip
+
+      - name: Publish macOS Package
+        uses: josephbmanley/butler-publish-itchio-action@master
+        env:
+          BUTLER_CREDENTIALS: ${{ secrets.BUTLER_CREDENTIALS }}
+          CHANNEL: macos
+          ITCH_GAME: openra
+          ITCH_USER: openra-developers
+          VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+          PACKAGE: OpenRA-${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}}.dmg"
+
+      - name: Publish RA AppImage
+        uses: josephbmanley/butler-publish-itchio-action@master
+        env:
+          BUTLER_CREDENTIALS: ${{ secrets.BUTLER_CREDENTIALS }}
+          CHANNEL: linux-ra
+          ITCH_GAME: openra
+          ITCH_USER: openra-developers
+          VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+          PACKAGE: OpenRA-Red-Alert-x86_64.AppImage
+
+      - name: Publish TD AppImage
+        uses: josephbmanley/butler-publish-itchio-action@master
+        env:
+          BUTLER_CREDENTIALS: ${{ secrets.BUTLER_CREDENTIALS }}
+          CHANNEL: linux-cnc
+          ITCH_GAME: openra
+          ITCH_USER: openra-developers
+          VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+          PACKAGE: OpenRA-Tiberian-Dawn-x86_64.AppImage
+
+      - name: Publish D2k AppImage
+        uses: josephbmanley/butler-publish-itchio-action@master
+        env:
+          BUTLER_CREDENTIALS: ${{ secrets.BUTLER_CREDENTIALS }}
+          CHANNEL: linux-d2k
+          ITCH_GAME: openra
+          ITCH_USER: openra-developers
+          VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+          PACKAGE: OpenRA-Dune-2000-x86_64.AppImage

.github/workflows/packaging.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+name: Release Packaging
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+    - 'release-*'
+    - 'playtest-*'
+    - 'devtest-*'
+
+jobs:
+  linux:
+    name: Linux AppImages
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Prepare Environment
+        run: echo "GIT_TAG=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
+
+      - name: Package AppImages
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p build/linux
+          ./packaging/linux/buildpackage.sh "${GIT_TAG}" "${PWD}/build/linux"
+
+      - name: Upload Packages
+        uses: svenstaro/upload-release-action@v2
+        with:
+          repo_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          tag: ${{ github.ref }}
+          overwrite: true
+          file_glob: true
+          file: build/linux/*
+
+  macos:
+    name: macOS Disk Images
+    runs-on: macos-10.15
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Install .NET 5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v1
+        with:
+          dotnet-version: '5.0.x'
+
+      - name: Prepare Environment
+        run: echo "GIT_TAG=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
+
+      - name: Package Disk Images
+        env:
+          MACOS_DEVELOPER_IDENTITY: ${{ secrets.MACOS_DEVELOPER_IDENTITY }}
+          MACOS_DEVELOPER_CERTIFICATE_BASE64: ${{ secrets.MACOS_DEVELOPER_CERTIFICATE_BASE64 }}
+          MACOS_DEVELOPER_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.MACOS_DEVELOPER_CERTIFICATE_PASSWORD }}
+          MACOS_DEVELOPER_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.MACOS_DEVELOPER_USERNAME }}
+          MACOS_DEVELOPER_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.MACOS_DEVELOPER_PASSWORD }}
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p build/macos
+          ./packaging/macos/buildpackage.sh "${GIT_TAG}" "${PWD}/build/macos"
+
+      - name: Upload Packages
+        uses: svenstaro/upload-release-action@v2
+        with:
+          repo_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          tag: ${{ github.ref }}
+          overwrite: true
+          file_glob: true
+          file: build/macos/*
+
+  windows:
+    name: Windows Installers
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Clone Repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Install .NET 5
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v1
+        with:
+          dotnet-version: '5.0.x'
+
+      - name: Prepare Environment
+        run: |
+          echo "GIT_TAG=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
+          sudo apt install nsis wine64
+
+      - name: Package Installers
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p build/windows
+          ./packaging/windows/buildpackage.sh "${GIT_TAG}" "${PWD}/build/windows"
+
+      - name: Upload Packages
+        uses: svenstaro/upload-release-action@v2
+        with:
+          repo_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          tag: ${{ github.ref }}
+          overwrite: true
+          file_glob: true
+          file: build/windows/*

.travis.yml

@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-# Travis-CI Build for OpenRA
-# see travis-ci.org for details
-
-language: csharp
-mono: 6.4.0
-os: linux
-dist: xenial
-
-jobs:
-  include:
-    - os: linux
-      dist: xenial
-    - os: osx
-      if: tag IS present
-      osx_image: xcode10
-
-addons:
-  apt:
-    packages:
-    - lua5.1
-    - dpkg
-    - zsync
-    - imagemagick
-
-# Environment variables
-env:
-  secure: "C0+Hlfa0YGErxUuWV00Tj6p45otC/D3YwYFuLpi2mj1rDFn/4dgh5WRngjvdDBVbXJ3duaZ78jPHWm1jr7vn2jqj9yETsCIK9psWd38ep/FEBM0SDr6MUD89OuXk/YyvxJAE+UXF6bXg7giey09g/CwBigjMW7ynET3wNAWPHPs="
-
-# Fetch dependencies
-# Run the build script
-# Check source code with StyleCop
-# call OpenRA to check for YAML errors
-# Run the NUnit tests
-script:
- - make all
- - |
-   if [[ "$TRAVIS_OS_NAME" == "linux" ]]; then
-      make check || travis_terminate 1;
-      make check-scripts || travis_terminate 1;
-      make test || travis_terminate 1;
-      mono ~/.nuget/packages/nunit.consolerunner/3.11.1/tools/nunit3-console.exe --noresult OpenRA.Test.dll || travis_terminate 1;
-   fi
-
-# Only watch the development branch and tagged release.
-branches:
- only:
-   - /^release-.*$/
-   - /^playtest-.*$/
-   - /^devtest-.*$/
-   - /^prep-.*$/
-   - bleed
-
-# Notify developers when build passed/failed.
-notifications:
-  irc:
-    if: repo = OpenRA/OpenRA
-    template:
-      - "%{repository}#%{build_number} %{commit} %{author}: %{message} %{build_url}"
-    channels:
-      - "irc.freenode.net#openra"
-    use_notice: true
-    skip_join: true
-
-before_deploy:
- - if [[ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" == "linux" ]]; then
-     wget https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/n/nsis/nsis-common_3.04-1_all.deb;
-     wget https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/n/nsis/nsis_3.04-1_amd64.deb;
-     sudo dpkg -i nsis-common_3.04-1_all.deb;
-     sudo dpkg -i nsis_3.04-1_amd64.deb;
-     echo ${TRAVIS_REPO_SLUG};
-     if [[ "${TRAVIS_REPO_SLUG}" == "OpenRA/OpenRA" ]]; then
-       cd packaging && ./update-wiki.sh ${TRAVIS_TAG} && cd ..;
-     fi;
-   fi
- - export PATH=${PATH}:${HOME}/usr/bin
- - DOTVERSION=`echo ${TRAVIS_TAG} | sed "s/-/\\./g"`
- - cd packaging
- - mkdir build
- - ./package-all.sh ${TRAVIS_TAG} ${PWD}/build/
- - if [[ "${TRAVIS_REPO_SLUG}" == "OpenRA/OpenRA" ]]; then
-     ./upload-itch.sh ${TRAVIS_TAG} ${PWD}/build/;
-   fi
-
-deploy:
-  provider: releases
-  token: ${GH_DEPLOY_API_KEY}
-  file_glob: true
-  file: build/*
-  skip_cleanup: true
-  on:
-    all_branches: true
-    tags: true

.vscode/launch.json

@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
 			"request": "launch",
 			"program": "${workspaceRoot}/OpenRA.Game.exe",
 			"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
-			"args": ["Game.Mod=cnc"]
+			"args": ["Game.Mod=cnc"],
+			"preLaunchTask": "build",
 		},
 		{
 			"name": "Launch (RA)",
@@ -27,7 +28,8 @@
 			"request": "launch",
 			"program": "${workspaceRoot}/OpenRA.Game.exe",
 			"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
-			"args": ["Game.Mod=ra"]
+			"args": ["Game.Mod=ra"],
+			"preLaunchTask": "build",
 		},
 		{
 			"name": "Launch (D2k)",
@@ -41,7 +43,8 @@
 			"request": "launch",
 			"program": "${workspaceRoot}/OpenRA.Game.exe",
 			"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
-			"args": ["Game.Mod=d2k"]
+			"args": ["Game.Mod=d2k"],
+			"preLaunchTask": "build",
 		},
 		{
 			"name": "Launch (TS)",
@@ -55,7 +58,8 @@
 			"request": "launch",
 			"program": "${workspaceRoot}/OpenRA.Game.exe",
 			"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
-			"args": ["Game.Mod=ts"]
+			"args": ["Game.Mod=ts"],
+			"preLaunchTask": "build",
 		},
 	]
 }

AUTHORS

@@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ Also thanks to:
     * Tirili
     * Tomas Einarsson (Mesacer)
     * Tom van Leth (tovl)
+    * Trevor Nichols (ocdi)
     * Tristan Keating (Kilkakon)
     * Tristan Mühlbacher (MicroBit)
     * UnknownProgrammer
@@ -188,6 +189,8 @@ distributed under MIT License.
 Using Json.NET developed by James Newton-King
 distributed under MIT License.
 
+Using ANGLE distributed under the BS3 3-Clause license.
+
 This site or product includes IP2Location LITE data
 available from http://www.ip2location.com.
 

INSTALL.md

@@ -8,18 +8,16 @@ Windows
 
 Compiling OpenRA requires the following dependencies:
 * [Windows PowerShell >= 4.0](http://microsoft.com/powershell) (included by default in recent Windows 10 versions)
-* [.NET Framework 4.7.2 (Developer Pack)](https://dotnet.microsoft.com/download/dotnet-framework/net472) (or via Visual Studio 2017)
-* [.NET Core 2.2 SDK](https://dotnet.microsoft.com/download/dotnet-core/2.2) (or via Visual Studio 2017)
+* [.NET 5 SDK](https://dotnet.microsoft.com/download/dotnet/5.0) (or via Visual Studio)
 
-
-To compile OpenRA, open the `OpenRA.sln` solution in the main folder, build it from the command-line with MSBuild or use the Makefile analogue command `make all` scripted in PowerShell syntax.
+To compile OpenRA, open the `OpenRA.sln` solution in the main folder, build it from the command-line with `dotnet` or use the Makefile analogue command `make all` scripted in PowerShell syntax.
 
 Run the game with `launch-game.cmd`. It can be handed arguments that specify the exact mod one wishes to run, for example, run `launch-game.cmd Game.Mod=ra` to launch Red Alert, `launch-game.cmd Game.Mod=cnc` to start Tiberian dawn or `launch-game.cmd Game.Mod=d2k` to launch Dune 2000.
 
 Linux
 =====
 
-Mono, version 5.18 or later, is required to compile OpenRA. You can add the [upstream mono repository](https://www.mono-project.com/download/stable/#download-lin) for your distro to obtain the latest version if your system packages are not sufficient.
+Mono, version 6.4 or later, is required to compile OpenRA. You can add the [upstream mono repository](https://www.mono-project.com/download/stable/#download-lin) for your distro to obtain the latest version if your system packages are not sufficient.
 
 To compile OpenRA, run `make` from the command line. After this one can run the game with `./launch-game.sh`. It is also possible to specify the mod you wish to run from the command line, e.g. with `./launch-game.sh Game.Mod=ts` if you wish to try the experimental Tiberian Sun mod.
 
@@ -99,7 +97,7 @@ macOS
 =====
 
 Before compiling OpenRA you must install the following dependencies:
-* [Mono >= 5.18](https://www.mono-project.com/download/stable/#download-mac)
+* [Mono >= 6.4](https://www.mono-project.com/download/stable/#download-mac)
 
 To compile OpenRA, run `make` from the command line. Run with `./launch-game.sh`.
 

Makefile

@@ -12,45 +12,34 @@
 # to check the engine and official mod dlls for code style violations, run:
 #   make check
 #
-# to install, run:
+# to compile and install Red Alert, Tiberian Dawn, and Dune 2000, run:
 #   make [prefix=/foo] [bindir=/bar/bin] install
 #
-# to install Linux startup scripts, desktop files and icons:
-#   make install-linux-shortcuts [DEBUG=false]
+# to install Linux startup scripts, desktop files, icons, and MIME metadata
+#   make install-linux-shortcuts
 #
-# to install the engine and common mod files (omitting the default mods):
-#   make install-engine
-#   make install-dependencies
-#   make install-common-mod-files
-#
-# to uninstall, run:
-#   make uninstall
+# to install Linux AppStream metadata
+#   make install-linux-appdata
 #
 # for help, run:
 #   make help
 #
-# to start the game, run:
-#   openra
 
 ############################## TOOLCHAIN ###############################
 #
 # List of .NET assemblies that we can guarantee exist
-# OpenRA.Game.dll is a harmless false positive that we can ignore
-WHITELISTED_OPENRA_ASSEMBLIES = OpenRA.Game.exe OpenRA.Utility.exe OpenRA.Platforms.Default.dll OpenRA.Mods.Common.dll OpenRA.Mods.Cnc.dll OpenRA.Mods.D2k.dll OpenRA.Game.dll
+WHITELISTED_OPENRA_ASSEMBLIES = OpenRA.dll OpenRA.Utility.dll OpenRA.Server.dll OpenRA.Platforms.Default.dll OpenRA.Game.dll OpenRA.Mods.Common.dll OpenRA.Mods.Cnc.dll OpenRA.Mods.D2k.dll
 
 # These are explicitly shipped alongside our core files by the packaging script
 WHITELISTED_THIRDPARTY_ASSEMBLIES = ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.dll FuzzyLogicLibrary.dll Eluant.dll BeaconLib.dll Open.Nat.dll SDL2-CS.dll OpenAL-CS.Core.dll DiscordRPC.dll Newtonsoft.Json.dll
 
 # These are shipped in our custom minimal mono runtime and also available in the full system-installed .NET/mono stack
 # This list *must* be kept in sync with the files packaged by the AppImageSupport and OpenRALauncherOSX repositories
-WHITELISTED_CORE_ASSEMBLIES = mscorlib.dll System.dll System.Configuration.dll System.Core.dll System.Numerics.dll System.Security.dll System.Xml.dll Mono.Security.dll netstandard.dll
-
-NUNIT_LIBS_PATH :=
-NUNIT_LIBS  := $(NUNIT_LIBS_PATH)nunit.framework.dll
+WHITELISTED_CORE_ASSEMBLIES = mscorlib.dll System.dll System.Configuration.dll System.Core.dll System.Numerics.dll System.Security.dll System.Xml.dll Mono.Security.dll netstandard.dll Microsoft.Win32.Registry.dll System.Security.AccessControl.dll System.Security.Principal.Windows.dll System.Xml.Linq.dll System.Runtime.Serialization.dll
 
 ######################### UTILITIES/SETTINGS ###########################
 #
-# install locations
+# Install locations for local installs and downstream packaging
 prefix ?= /usr/local
 datarootdir ?= $(prefix)/share
 datadir ?= $(datarootdir)
@@ -60,27 +49,21 @@ libdir ?= $(prefix)/lib
 gameinstalldir ?= $(libdir)/openra
 
 BIN_INSTALL_DIR = $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)
-DATA_INSTALL_DIR = $(DESTDIR)$(gameinstalldir)
+DATA_INSTALL_DIR = $(DESTDIR)$(datadir)
+OPENRA_INSTALL_DIR = $(DESTDIR)$(gameinstalldir)
 
-# install tools
+# Toolchain
+CWD = $(shell pwd)
+MSBUILD = msbuild -verbosity:m -nologo
+MONO = mono
 RM = rm
 RM_R = $(RM) -r
 RM_F = $(RM) -f
 RM_RF = $(RM) -rf
-CP = cp
-CP_R = $(CP) -r
-INSTALL = install
-INSTALL_DIR = $(INSTALL) -d
-INSTALL_PROGRAM = $(INSTALL) -m755
-INSTALL_DATA = $(INSTALL) -m644
 
-# Toolchain
-MSBUILD = msbuild -verbosity:m -nologo
+VERSION = $(shell git name-rev --name-only --tags --no-undefined HEAD 2>/dev/null || echo git-`git rev-parse --short HEAD`)
 
-# Enable 32 bit builds while generating the windows installer
-WIN32 = false
-
-# dependencies
+# Detect target platform for dependencies if not given by the user
 ifndef TARGETPLATFORM
 UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
 UNAME_M := $(shell uname -m)
@@ -95,242 +78,73 @@ endif
 endif
 endif
 
-# program targets
-VERSION     = $(shell git name-rev --name-only --tags --no-undefined HEAD 2>/dev/null || echo git-`git rev-parse --short HEAD`)
+OPENRA_UTILITY = ENGINE_DIR=".." $(MONO) --debug bin/OpenRA.Utility.dll
 
-check-scripts:
-	@echo
-	@echo "Checking for Lua syntax errors..."
-	@luac -p $(shell find mods/*/maps/* -iname '*.lua')
-	@luac -p $(shell find lua/* -iname '*.lua')
-
-check:
-	@echo
-	@echo "Compiling in debug mode..."
-	@$(MSBUILD) -t:build -p:Configuration=Debug
-	@echo
-	@echo "Checking runtime assemblies..."
-	@mono --debug OpenRA.Utility.exe all --check-runtime-assemblies $(WHITELISTED_OPENRA_ASSEMBLIES) $(WHITELISTED_THIRDPARTY_ASSEMBLIES) $(WHITELISTED_CORE_ASSEMBLIES)
-	@echo
-	@echo "Checking for explicit interface violations..."
-	@mono --debug OpenRA.Utility.exe all --check-explicit-interfaces
-	@echo
-	@echo "Checking for incorrect conditional trait interface overrides..."
-	@mono --debug OpenRA.Utility.exe all --check-conditional-trait-interface-overrides
-
-test: core
-	@echo
-	@echo "Testing Tiberian Sun mod MiniYAML..."
-	@mono --debug OpenRA.Utility.exe ts --check-yaml
-	@echo
-	@echo "Testing Dune 2000 mod MiniYAML..."
-	@mono --debug OpenRA.Utility.exe d2k --check-yaml
-	@echo
-	@echo "Testing Tiberian Dawn mod MiniYAML..."
-	@mono --debug OpenRA.Utility.exe cnc --check-yaml
-	@echo
-	@echo "Testing Red Alert mod MiniYAML..."
-	@mono --debug OpenRA.Utility.exe ra --check-yaml
-
-########################## MAKE/INSTALL RULES ##########################
+##################### DEVELOPMENT BUILDS AND TESTS #####################
 #
-all: core
-
-core:
+all:
 	@command -v $(firstword $(MSBUILD)) >/dev/null || (echo "OpenRA requires the '$(MSBUILD)' tool provided by Mono >= 5.18."; exit 1)
-	@$(MSBUILD) -t:Build -restore -p:Configuration=Release -p:TargetPlatform=$(TARGETPLATFORM)
+	@$(MSBUILD) -t:Build -restore -p:Configuration=Release -p:TargetPlatform=$(TARGETPLATFORM) -p:Mono=true -p:DefineConstants="MONO"
 ifeq ($(TARGETPLATFORM), unix-generic)
 	@./configure-system-libraries.sh
 endif
 	@./fetch-geoip.sh
 
 clean:
-	@-$(RM_F) *.config IP2LOCATION-LITE-DB1.IPV6.BIN.ZIP
-	@-$(RM_F) *.exe *.dll *.dll.config *.so *.dylib ./OpenRA*/*.dll *.pdb mods/**/*.dll mods/**/*.pdb *.resources
-	@-$(RM_RF) ./*/bin ./*/obj
-	@ $(MSBUILD) -t:clean
+	@-$(RM_RF) ./bin ./*/bin ./*/obj
+	@$(MSBUILD) -t:Clean -p:Mono=true
+	@-$(RM_F) IP2LOCATION-LITE-DB1.IPV6.BIN.ZIP
 
+check:
+	@echo
+	@echo "Compiling in debug mode..."
+	@$(MSBUILD) -t:build -restore -p:Configuration=Debug -p:TargetPlatform=$(TARGETPLATFORM) -p:Mono=true -p:DefineConstants="MONO"
+	@echo
+	@echo "Checking runtime assemblies..."
+	@$(OPENRA_UTILITY) all --check-runtime-assemblies $(WHITELISTED_OPENRA_ASSEMBLIES) $(WHITELISTED_THIRDPARTY_ASSEMBLIES) $(WHITELISTED_CORE_ASSEMBLIES)
+	@echo
+	@echo "Checking for explicit interface violations..."
+	@$(OPENRA_UTILITY) all --check-explicit-interfaces
+	@echo
+	@echo "Checking for incorrect conditional trait interface overrides..."
+	@$(OPENRA_UTILITY) all --check-conditional-trait-interface-overrides
+
+check-scripts:
+	@echo
+	@echo "Checking for Lua syntax errors..."
+	@luac -p $(shell find mods/*/maps/* -iname '*.lua')
+	@luac -p $(shell find lua/* -iname '*.lua')
+	@luac -p $(shell find mods/*/bits/scripts/* -iname '*.lua')
+
+test: all
+	@echo
+	@echo "Testing Tiberian Sun mod MiniYAML..."
+	@$(OPENRA_UTILITY) ts --check-yaml
+	@echo
+	@echo "Testing Dune 2000 mod MiniYAML..."
+	@$(OPENRA_UTILITY) d2k --check-yaml
+	@echo
+	@echo "Testing Tiberian Dawn mod MiniYAML..."
+	@$(OPENRA_UTILITY) cnc --check-yaml
+	@echo
+	@echo "Testing Red Alert mod MiniYAML..."
+	@$(OPENRA_UTILITY) ra --check-yaml
+
+############# LOCAL INSTALLATION AND DOWNSTREAM PACKAGING ##############
+#
 version: VERSION mods/ra/mod.yaml mods/cnc/mod.yaml mods/d2k/mod.yaml mods/ts/mod.yaml mods/modcontent/mod.yaml mods/all/mod.yaml
-	@echo "$(VERSION)" > VERSION
-	@for i in $? ; do \
-		awk '{sub("Version:.*$$","Version: $(VERSION)"); print $0}' $${i} > $${i}.tmp && \
-		awk '{sub("/[^/]*: User$$", "/$(VERSION): User"); print $0}' $${i}.tmp > $${i} && \
-		rm $${i}.tmp; \
-	done
+	@sh -c '. ./packaging/functions.sh; set_engine_version $(VERSION) .'
+	@sh -c '. ./packaging/functions.sh; set_mod_version $(VERSION) mods/ra/mod.yaml mods/cnc/mod.yaml mods/d2k/mod.yaml mods/ts/mod.yaml mods/modcontent/mod.yaml mods/all/mod.yaml'
 
-install: core install-engine install-common-mod-files install-default-mods
-	@$(CP) *.sh "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
+install:
+	@sh -c '. ./packaging/functions.sh; install_assemblies_mono $(CWD) $(OPENRA_INSTALL_DIR) $(TARGETPLATFORM) True True True'
+	@sh -c '. ./packaging/functions.sh; install_data $(CWD) $(OPENRA_INSTALL_DIR) cnc d2k ra'
 
-install-linux-shortcuts: install-linux-scripts install-linux-icons install-linux-desktop
-
-install-dependencies:
-ifeq ($(TARGETPLATFORM), $(filter $(TARGETPLATFORM),win-x86 win-x64))
-	@-echo "Installing OpenRA dependencies to $(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) soft_oal.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) SDL2.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) freetype6.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) lua51.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-endif
-ifeq ($(TARGETPLATFORM), linux-x64)
-	@-echo "Installing OpenRA dependencies to $(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) soft_oal.so "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) SDL2.so "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) freetype6.so "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) lua51.so "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-endif
-ifeq ($(TARGETPLATFORM), osx-x64)
-	@-echo "Installing OpenRA dependencies to $(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) soft_oal.dylib "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) SDL2.dylib "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) freetype6.dylib "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) lua51.dylib "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-endif
-
-install-engine:
-	@-echo "Installing OpenRA engine to $(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_DIR) "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) OpenRA.Game.exe "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) OpenRA.Server.exe "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) OpenRA.Utility.exe "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) OpenRA.Platforms.Default.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-
-ifneq ($(TARGETPLATFORM), $(filter $(TARGETPLATFORM),win-x86 win-x64))
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) OpenRA.Platforms.Default.dll.config "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-endif
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) VERSION "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/VERSION"
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) AUTHORS "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/AUTHORS"
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) COPYING "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/COPYING"
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) IP2LOCATION-LITE-DB1.IPV6.BIN.ZIP "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/IP2LOCATION-LITE-DB1.IPV6.BIN.ZIP"
-
-	@$(CP_R) glsl "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(CP_R) lua "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(CP) SDL2-CS* "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(CP) OpenAL-CS* "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(CP) Eluant* "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) FuzzyLogicLibrary.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) Open.Nat.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) BeaconLib.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) DiscordRPC.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) Newtonsoft.Json.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-
-install-common-mod-files:
-	@-echo "Installing OpenRA common mod files to $(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_DIR) "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/mods"
-	@$(CP_R) mods/common "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/mods/"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) mods/common/OpenRA.Mods.Common.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/mods/common"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) mods/common/OpenRA.Mods.Cnc.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/mods/common"
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) "global mix database.dat" "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/global mix database.dat"
-
-install-default-mods:
-	@-echo "Installing OpenRA default mods to $(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_DIR) "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/mods"
-	@$(CP_R) mods/cnc "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/mods/"
-	@$(CP_R) mods/ra "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/mods/"
-	@$(CP_R) mods/d2k "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/mods/"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) mods/d2k/OpenRA.Mods.D2k.dll "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/mods/d2k"
-	@$(CP_R) mods/modcontent "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)/mods/"
-
-install-linux-icons:
-	for SIZE in 16x16 32x32 48x48 64x64 128x128; do \
-		$(INSTALL_DIR) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/$$SIZE/apps"; \
-		$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/artwork/ra_$$SIZE.png "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/$$SIZE/apps/openra-ra.png"; \
-		$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/artwork/cnc_$$SIZE.png "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/$$SIZE/apps/openra-cnc.png"; \
-		$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/artwork/d2k_$$SIZE.png "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/$$SIZE/apps/openra-d2k.png"; \
-	done
-	$(INSTALL_DIR) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/scalable/apps"
-	$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/artwork/ra_scalable.svg "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/scalable/apps/openra-ra.svg"
-	$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/artwork/cnc_scalable.svg "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/scalable/apps/openra-cnc.svg"
-
-install-linux-desktop:
-	@$(INSTALL_DIR) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/applications"
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/ra/g' packaging/linux/openra.desktop.in | sed 's/{MODNAME}/Red Alert/g' | sed 's/{TAG}/$(VERSION)/g' > packaging/linux/openra-ra.desktop
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/linux/openra-ra.desktop "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/applications"
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/cnc/g' packaging/linux/openra.desktop.in | sed 's/{MODNAME}/Tiberian Dawn/g' | sed 's/{TAG}/$(VERSION)/g' > packaging/linux/openra-cnc.desktop
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/linux/openra-cnc.desktop "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/applications"
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/d2k/g' packaging/linux/openra.desktop.in | sed 's/{MODNAME}/Dune 2000/g' | sed 's/{TAG}/$(VERSION)/g' > packaging/linux/openra-d2k.desktop
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/linux/openra-d2k.desktop "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/applications"
-	@-$(RM) packaging/linux/openra-ra.desktop packaging/linux/openra-cnc.desktop packaging/linux/openra-d2k.desktop
-
-install-linux-mime:
-	@$(INSTALL_DIR) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/mime/packages/"
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/ra/g' packaging/linux/openra-mimeinfo.xml.in | sed 's/{TAG}/$(VERSION)/g' > packaging/linux/openra-mimeinfo.xml
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/linux/openra-mimeinfo.xml "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/mime/packages/openra-ra.xml"
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/cnc/g' packaging/linux/openra-mimeinfo.xml.in | sed 's/{TAG}/$(VERSION)/g' > packaging/linux/openra-mimeinfo.xml
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/linux/openra-mimeinfo.xml "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/mime/packages/openra-cnc.xml"
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/d2k/g' packaging/linux/openra-mimeinfo.xml.in | sed 's/{TAG}/$(VERSION)/g' > packaging/linux/openra-mimeinfo.xml
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/linux/openra-mimeinfo.xml "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/mime/packages/openra-d2k.xml"
+install-linux-shortcuts:
+	@sh -c '. ./packaging/functions.sh; install_linux_shortcuts $(CWD) $(OPENRA_INSTALL_DIR) $(BIN_INSTALL_DIR) $(DATA_INSTALL_DIR) $(VERSION) cnc d2k ra'
 
 install-linux-appdata:
-	@$(INSTALL_DIR) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/appdata/"
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/ra/g' packaging/linux/openra.appdata.xml.in | sed 's/{MOD_NAME}/Red Alert/g' | sed 's/{SCREENSHOT_RA}/ type="default"/g' | sed 's/{SCREENSHOT_CNC}//g' | sed 's/{SCREENSHOT_D2K}//g'> packaging/linux/openra-ra.appdata.xml
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/linux/openra-ra.appdata.xml "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/appdata/"
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/cnc/g' packaging/linux/openra.appdata.xml.in | sed 's/{MOD_NAME}/Tiberian Dawn/g' | sed 's/{SCREENSHOT_RA}//g' | sed 's/{SCREENSHOT_CNC}/ type="default"/g' | sed 's/{SCREENSHOT_D2K}//g'> packaging/linux/openra-cnc.appdata.xml
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/linux/openra-cnc.appdata.xml "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/appdata/"
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/d2k/g' packaging/linux/openra.appdata.xml.in | sed 's/{MOD_NAME}/Dune 2000/g' | sed 's/{SCREENSHOT_RA}//g' | sed 's/{SCREENSHOT_CNC}//g' | sed 's/{SCREENSHOT_D2K}/ type="default"/g'> packaging/linux/openra-d2k.appdata.xml
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) packaging/linux/openra-d2k.appdata.xml "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/appdata/"
-	@-$(RM) packaging/linux/openra-ra.appdata.xml packaging/linux/openra-cnc.appdata.xml packaging/linux/openra-d2k.appdata.xml
-
-install-man-page:
-	@$(INSTALL_DIR) "$(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man6/"
-	@mono --debug OpenRA.Utility.exe all --man-page > openra.6
-	@$(INSTALL_DATA) openra.6 "$(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man6/"
-	@-$(RM) openra.6
-
-install-linux-scripts:
-ifeq ($(DEBUG), $(filter $(DEBUG),false no n off 0))
-	@sed 's/{DEBUG}//' packaging/linux/openra.in | sed 's|{GAME_INSTALL_DIR}|$(gameinstalldir)|' | sed 's|{BIN_DIR}|$(bindir)|' > packaging/linux/openra.debug.in
-	@sed 's/{DEBUG}//' packaging/linux/openra-server.in | sed 's|{GAME_INSTALL_DIR}|$(gameinstalldir)|' | sed 's|{BIN_DIR}|$(bindir)|' > packaging/linux/openra-server.debug.in
-else
-	@sed 's/{DEBUG}/--debug/' packaging/linux/openra.in | sed 's|{GAME_INSTALL_DIR}|$(gameinstalldir)|' | sed 's|{BIN_DIR}|$(bindir)|' > packaging/linux/openra.debug.in
-	@sed 's/{DEBUG}/--debug/' packaging/linux/openra-server.in | sed 's|{GAME_INSTALL_DIR}|$(gameinstalldir)|' | sed 's|{BIN_DIR}|$(bindir)|' > packaging/linux/openra-server.debug.in
-endif
-
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/ra/g' packaging/linux/openra.debug.in  | sed 's/{TAG}/$(VERSION)/g' | sed 's/{MODNAME}/Red Alert/g' > packaging/linux/openra-ra
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/cnc/g' packaging/linux/openra.debug.in | sed 's/{TAG}/$(VERSION)/g' | sed 's/{MODNAME}/Tiberian Dawn/g' > packaging/linux/openra-cnc
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/d2k/g' packaging/linux/openra.debug.in | sed 's/{TAG}/$(VERSION)/g' | sed 's/{MODNAME}/Dune 2000/g' > packaging/linux/openra-d2k
-
-	@$(INSTALL_DIR) "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) -m +rx packaging/linux/openra-ra "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) -m +rx packaging/linux/openra-cnc "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) -m +rx packaging/linux/openra-d2k "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@-$(RM) packaging/linux/openra-ra packaging/linux/openra-cnc packaging/linux/openra-d2k packaging/linux/openra.debug.in
-
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/ra/g' packaging/linux/openra-server.debug.in | sed 's/{MODNAME}/Red Alert/g' > packaging/linux/openra-ra-server
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/cnc/g' packaging/linux/openra-server.debug.in | sed 's/{MODNAME}/Tiberian Dawn/g' > packaging/linux/openra-cnc-server
-	@sed 's/{MODID}/d2k/g' packaging/linux/openra-server.debug.in | sed 's/{MODNAME}/Dune 2000/g' > packaging/linux/openra-d2k-server
-
-	@$(INSTALL_DIR) "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) -m +rx packaging/linux/openra-ra-server "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) -m +rx packaging/linux/openra-cnc-server "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) -m +rx packaging/linux/openra-d2k-server "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@-$(RM) packaging/linux/openra-ra-server packaging/linux/openra-cnc-server packaging/linux/openra-d2k-server packaging/linux/openra-server.debug.in
-
-uninstall:
-	@-$(RM_R) "$(DATA_INSTALL_DIR)"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)/openra-ra"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)/openra-ra-server"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)/openra-cnc"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)/openra-cnc-server"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)/openra-d2k"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(BIN_INSTALL_DIR)/openra-d2k-server"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/applications/openra-ra.desktop"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/applications/openra-cnc.desktop"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/applications/openra-d2k.desktop"
-	@-for SIZE in 16x16 32x32 48x48 64x64 128x128; do \
-		$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/$$SIZE/apps/openra-ra.png"; \
-		$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/$$SIZE/apps/openra-cnc.png"; \
-		$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/$$SIZE/apps/openra-d2k.png"; \
-	done
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/scalable/apps/openra-ra.svg"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/icons/hicolor/scalable/apps/openra-cnc.svg"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/mime/packages/openra-ra.xml"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/mime/packages/openra-cnc.xml"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/mime/packages/openra-d2k.xml"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/appdata/openra-ra.appdata.xml"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/appdata/openra-cnc.appdata.xml"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/appdata/openra-d2k.appdata.xml"
-	@-$(RM_F) "$(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man6/openra.6"
+	@sh -c '. ./packaging/functions.sh; install_linux_appdata $(CWD) $(DATA_INSTALL_DIR) cnc d2k ra'
 
 help:
 	@echo 'to compile, run:'
@@ -345,22 +159,14 @@ help:
 	@echo 'to check the engine and official mod dlls for code style violations, run:'
 	@echo '  make test'
 	@echo
-	@echo 'to install, run:'
-	@echo '  make [prefix=/foo] [bindir=/bar/bin] install'
+	@echo 'to compile and install Red Alert, Tiberian Dawn, and Dune 2000 run:'
+	@echo '  make [prefix=/foo] install'
 	@echo
-	@echo 'to install Linux startup scripts, desktop files and icons'
-	@echo '  make install-linux-shortcuts [DEBUG=false]'
+	@echo 'to install Linux startup scripts, desktop files, icons, and MIME metadata'
+	@echo '  make install-linux-shortcuts'
 	@echo
-	@echo ' to install the engine and common mod files (omitting the default mods):'
-	@echo '   make install-engine'
-	@echo '   make install-dependencies'
-	@echo '   make install-common-mod-files'
-	@echo
-	@echo 'to uninstall, run:'
-	@echo '  make uninstall'
-	@echo
-	@echo 'to start the game, run:'
-	@echo '  openra'
+	@echo 'to install Linux AppStream metadata'
+	@echo '  make install-linux-appdata'
 
 ########################### MAKEFILE SETTINGS ##########################
 #
@@ -368,4 +174,4 @@ help:
 
 .SUFFIXES:
 
-.PHONY: check-scripts check test all core clean version install install-linux-shortcuts install-dependencies install-engine install-common-mod-files install-default-mods install-linux-icons install-linux-desktop install-linux-mime install-linux-appdata install-man-page install-linux-scripts uninstall help
+.PHONY: all clean check check-scripts test version install install-linux-shortcuts install-linux-appdata help

OpenRA.Game/Activities/Activity.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Activities
 		public readonly Color Color;
 		public readonly Sprite Tile;
 
-		public TargetLineNode(Target target, Color color, Sprite tile = null)
+		public TargetLineNode(in Target target, Color color, Sprite tile = null)
 		{
 			// Note: Not all activities are drawable. In that case, pass Target.Invalid as target,
 			// if "yield break" in TargetLineNode(Actor self) is not feasible.

OpenRA.Game/Actor.cs

@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 		readonly IFacing facing;
 		readonly IHealth health;
+		readonly IResolveOrder[] resolveOrders;
 		readonly IRenderModifier[] renderModifiers;
 		readonly IRender[] renders;
 		readonly IMouseBounds[] mouseBounds;
@@ -109,9 +110,10 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		readonly IDefaultVisibility defaultVisibility;
 		readonly INotifyBecomingIdle[] becomingIdles;
 		readonly INotifyIdle[] tickIdles;
-		readonly ITargetablePositions[] targetablePositions;
+		readonly IEnumerable<ITargetablePositions> enabledTargetablePositions;
 		WPos[] staticTargetablePositions;
 		bool created;
+		bool setStaticTargetablePositions;
 
 		internal Actor(World world, string name, TypeDictionary initDict)
 		{
@@ -139,42 +141,61 @@ namespace OpenRA
 					throw new NotImplementedException("No rules definition for unit " + name);
 
 				Info = world.Map.Rules.Actors[name];
-				foreach (var trait in Info.TraitsInConstructOrder())
+
+				IPositionable positionable = null;
+				var resolveOrdersList = new List<IResolveOrder>();
+				var renderModifiersList = new List<IRenderModifier>();
+				var rendersList = new List<IRender>();
+				var mouseBoundsList = new List<IMouseBounds>();
+				var visibilityModifiersList = new List<IVisibilityModifier>();
+				var becomingIdlesList = new List<INotifyBecomingIdle>();
+				var tickIdlesList = new List<INotifyIdle>();
+				var targetablesList = new List<ITargetable>();
+				var targetablePositionsList = new List<ITargetablePositions>();
+				var syncHashesList = new List<SyncHash>();
+
+				foreach (var traitInfo in Info.TraitsInConstructOrder())
 				{
-					AddTrait(trait.Create(init));
+					var trait = traitInfo.Create(init);
+					AddTrait(trait);
 
-					// Some traits rely on properties provided by IOccupySpace in their initialization,
-					// so we must ready it now, we cannot wait until all traits have finished construction.
-					if (trait is IOccupySpaceInfo)
-						OccupiesSpace = Trait<IOccupySpace>();
+					// PERF: Cache all these traits as soon as the actor is created. This is a fairly cheap one-off cost per
+					// actor that allows us to provide some fast implementations of commonly used methods that are relied on by
+					// performance-sensitive parts of the core game engine, such as pathfinding, visibility and rendering.
+					// Note: The blocks are required to limit the scope of the t's, so we make an exception to our normal style
+					// rules for spacing in order to keep these assignments compact and readable.
+					{ if (trait is IPositionable t) positionable = t; }
+					{ if (trait is IOccupySpace t) OccupiesSpace = t; }
+					{ if (trait is IEffectiveOwner t) EffectiveOwner = t; }
+					{ if (trait is IFacing t) facing = t; }
+					{ if (trait is IHealth t) health = t; }
+					{ if (trait is IResolveOrder t) resolveOrdersList.Add(t); }
+					{ if (trait is IRenderModifier t) renderModifiersList.Add(t); }
+					{ if (trait is IRender t) rendersList.Add(t); }
+					{ if (trait is IMouseBounds t) mouseBoundsList.Add(t); }
+					{ if (trait is IVisibilityModifier t) visibilityModifiersList.Add(t); }
+					{ if (trait is IDefaultVisibility t) defaultVisibility = t; }
+					{ if (trait is INotifyBecomingIdle t) becomingIdlesList.Add(t); }
+					{ if (trait is INotifyIdle t) tickIdlesList.Add(t); }
+					{ if (trait is ITargetable t) targetablesList.Add(t); }
+					{ if (trait is ITargetablePositions t) targetablePositionsList.Add(t); }
+					{ if (trait is ISync t) syncHashesList.Add(new SyncHash(t)); }
 				}
+
+				resolveOrders = resolveOrdersList.ToArray();
+				renderModifiers = renderModifiersList.ToArray();
+				renders = rendersList.ToArray();
+				mouseBounds = mouseBoundsList.ToArray();
+				visibilityModifiers = visibilityModifiersList.ToArray();
+				becomingIdles = becomingIdlesList.ToArray();
+				tickIdles = tickIdlesList.ToArray();
+				Targetables = targetablesList.ToArray();
+				var targetablePositions = targetablePositionsList.ToArray();
+				enabledTargetablePositions = targetablePositions.Where(Exts.IsTraitEnabled);
+				SyncHashes = syncHashesList.ToArray();
+
+				setStaticTargetablePositions = positionable == null && targetablePositions.Any() && targetablePositions.All(tp => tp.AlwaysEnabled);
 			}
-
-			// PERF: Cache all these traits as soon as the actor is created. This is a fairly cheap one-off cost per
-			// actor that allows us to provide some fast implementations of commonly used methods that are relied on by
-			// performance-sensitive parts of the core game engine, such as pathfinding, visibility and rendering.
-			EffectiveOwner = TraitOrDefault<IEffectiveOwner>();
-			facing = TraitOrDefault<IFacing>();
-			health = TraitOrDefault<IHealth>();
-			renderModifiers = TraitsImplementing<IRenderModifier>().ToArray();
-			renders = TraitsImplementing<IRender>().ToArray();
-			mouseBounds = TraitsImplementing<IMouseBounds>().ToArray();
-			visibilityModifiers = TraitsImplementing<IVisibilityModifier>().ToArray();
-			defaultVisibility = Trait<IDefaultVisibility>();
-			becomingIdles = TraitsImplementing<INotifyBecomingIdle>().ToArray();
-			tickIdles = TraitsImplementing<INotifyIdle>().ToArray();
-			Targetables = TraitsImplementing<ITargetable>().ToArray();
-			targetablePositions = TraitsImplementing<ITargetablePositions>().ToArray();
-			world.AddFrameEndTask(w =>
-			{
-				// Caching this in a AddFrameEndTask, because trait construction order might cause problems if done directly at creation time.
-				// All actors that can move or teleport should have IPositionable, if not it's pretty safe to assume the actor is completely immobile and
-				// all targetable positions can be cached if all ITargetablePositions have no conditional requirements.
-				if (!Info.HasTraitInfo<IPositionableInfo>() && targetablePositions.Any() && targetablePositions.All(tp => tp.AlwaysEnabled))
-					staticTargetablePositions = targetablePositions.SelectMany(tp => tp.TargetablePositions(this)).ToArray();
-			});
-
-			SyncHashes = TraitsImplementing<ISync>().Select(sync => new SyncHash(sync)).ToArray();
 		}
 
 		internal void Initialize(bool addToWorld = true)
@@ -208,7 +229,12 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			foreach (var notify in allObserverNotifiers)
 				notify(this, readOnlyConditionCache);
 
-			// TODO: Some traits may need initialization after being notified of initial condition state.
+			// All actors that can move or teleport should have IPositionable, if not it's pretty safe to assume the actor is completely immobile and
+			// all targetable positions can be cached if all ITargetablePositions have no conditional requirements.
+			if (setStaticTargetablePositions)
+				staticTargetablePositions = enabledTargetablePositions.SelectMany(tp => tp.TargetablePositions(this)).ToArray();
+
+			// TODO: Other traits may need initialization after being notified of initial condition state.
 
 			// TODO: A post condition initialization notification phase may allow queueing activities instead.
 			// The initial activity should run before any activities queued by INotifyCreated.Created
@@ -404,6 +430,12 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			});
 		}
 
+		public void ResolveOrder(Order order)
+		{
+			foreach (var r in resolveOrders)
+				r.ResolveOrder(this, order);
+		}
+
 		// TODO: move elsewhere.
 		public void ChangeOwner(Player newOwner)
 		{
@@ -507,9 +539,8 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			if (staticTargetablePositions != null)
 				return staticTargetablePositions;
 
-			var enabledTargetablePositionTraits = targetablePositions.Where(Exts.IsTraitEnabled);
-			if (enabledTargetablePositionTraits.Any())
-				return enabledTargetablePositionTraits.SelectMany(tp => tp.TargetablePositions(this));
+			if (enabledTargetablePositions.Any())
+				return enabledTargetablePositions.SelectMany(tp => tp.TargetablePositions(this));
 
 			return new[] { CenterPosition };
 		}

OpenRA.Game/ExternalMods.cs

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				mods[key] = mod;
 		}
 
-		internal void Register(Manifest mod, string launchPath, ModRegistration registration)
+		internal void Register(Manifest mod, string launchPath, IEnumerable<string> launchArgs, ModRegistration registration)
 		{
 			if (mod.Metadata.Hidden)
 				return;
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				new MiniYamlNode("Version", mod.Metadata.Version),
 				new MiniYamlNode("Title", mod.Metadata.Title),
 				new MiniYamlNode("LaunchPath", launchPath),
-				new MiniYamlNode("LaunchArgs", "Game.Mod=" + mod.Id)
+				new MiniYamlNode("LaunchArgs", new[] { "Game.Mod=" + mod.Id }.Concat(launchArgs).JoinWith(", "))
 			}));
 
 			using (var stream = mod.Package.GetStream("icon.png"))

OpenRA.Game/Exts.cs

@@ -120,7 +120,14 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		public static V GetOrAdd<K, V>(this Dictionary<K, V> d, K k)
 			where V : new()
 		{
-			return d.GetOrAdd(k, _ => new V());
+			return d.GetOrAdd(k, new V());
+		}
+
+		public static V GetOrAdd<K, V>(this Dictionary<K, V> d, K k, V v)
+		{
+			if (!d.TryGetValue(k, out var ret))
+				d.Add(k, ret = v);
+			return ret;
 		}
 
 		public static V GetOrAdd<K, V>(this Dictionary<K, V> d, K k, Func<K, V> createFn)

OpenRA.Game/FieldLoader.cs

@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 					ret.SetValue(GetValue(fieldName, fieldType.GetElementType(), parts[i].Trim(), field), i);
 				return ret;
 			}
-			else if (fieldType.IsGenericType && fieldType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(HashSet<>))
+			else if (fieldType.IsGenericType && (fieldType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(HashSet<>) || fieldType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(List<>)))
 			{
 				var set = Activator.CreateInstance(fieldType);
 				if (value == null)

OpenRA.Game/FieldSaver.cs

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				return ((Array)v).Cast<object>().Select(FormatValue).JoinWith(", ");
 			}
 
-			if (t.IsGenericType && t.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(HashSet<>))
+			if (t.IsGenericType && (t.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(HashSet<>) || t.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(List<>)))
 			{
 				return ((System.Collections.IEnumerable)v).Cast<object>().Select(FormatValue).JoinWith(", ");
 			}

OpenRA.Game/FileSystem/FileSystem.cs

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.FileSystem
 		{
 			// Raw directories are the easiest and one of the most common cases, so try these first
 			var resolvedPath = Platform.ResolvePath(filename);
-			if (!filename.Contains("|") && Directory.Exists(resolvedPath))
+			if (!resolvedPath.Contains("|") && Directory.Exists(resolvedPath))
 				return new Folder(resolvedPath);
 
 			// Children of another package require special handling
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.FileSystem
 		public static string ResolveAssemblyPath(string path, Manifest manifest, InstalledMods installedMods)
 		{
 			var explicitSplit = path.IndexOf('|');
-			if (explicitSplit > 0)
+			if (explicitSplit > 0 && !path.StartsWith("^"))
 			{
 				var parent = path.Substring(0, explicitSplit);
 				var filename = path.Substring(explicitSplit + 1);

OpenRA.Game/FileSystem/Folder.cs

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
 
 namespace OpenRA.FileSystem
 {
@@ -32,10 +33,11 @@ namespace OpenRA.FileSystem
 		{
 			get
 			{
-				foreach (var filename in Directory.GetFiles(path, "*", SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly))
-					yield return Path.GetFileName(filename);
-				foreach (var filename in Directory.GetDirectories(path))
-					yield return Path.GetFileName(filename);
+				// Order may vary on different file systems and it matters for hashing.
+				return Directory.GetFiles(path, "*", SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly)
+					.Concat(Directory.GetDirectories(path))
+					.Select(Path.GetFileName)
+					.OrderBy(f => f);
 			}
 		}
 

OpenRA.Game/Game.cs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Net;
 using System.Reflection;
+using System.Runtime;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using OpenRA.Graphics;
@@ -72,10 +73,10 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			return om;
 		}
 
-		static string TimestampedFilename(bool includemilliseconds = false)
+		public static string TimestampedFilename(bool includemilliseconds = false, string extra = "")
 		{
 			var format = includemilliseconds ? "yyyy-MM-ddTHHmmssfffZ" : "yyyy-MM-ddTHHmmssZ";
-			return ModData.Manifest.Id + "-" + DateTime.UtcNow.ToString(format, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+			return ModData.Manifest.Id + extra + "-" + DateTime.UtcNow.ToString(format, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
 		}
 
 		static void JoinInner(OrderManager om)
@@ -170,11 +171,13 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 			worldRenderer = new WorldRenderer(ModData, OrderManager.World);
 
+			// Proactively collect memory during loading to reduce peak memory.
 			GC.Collect();
 
 			using (new PerfTimer("LoadComplete"))
 				OrderManager.World.LoadComplete(worldRenderer);
 
+			// Proactively collect memory during loading to reduce peak memory.
 			GC.Collect();
 
 			if (OrderManager.GameStarted)
@@ -189,6 +192,14 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			worldRenderer.RefreshPalette();
 			Cursor.SetCursor("default");
 
+			// Now loading is completed, now is the ideal time to run a GC and compact the LOH.
+			// - All the temporary garbage created during loading can be collected.
+			// - Live objects are likely to live for the length of the game or longer,
+			//   thus promoting them into a higher generation is not an issue.
+			// - We can remove any fragmentation in the LOH caused by temporary loading garbage.
+			// - A loading screen is visible, so a delay won't matter to the user.
+			//   Much better to clean up now then to drop frames during gameplay for GC pauses.
+			GCSettings.LargeObjectHeapCompactionMode = GCLargeObjectHeapCompactionMode.CompactOnce;
 			GC.Collect();
 		}
 
@@ -251,18 +262,24 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 		public static void InitializeSettings(Arguments args)
 		{
-			Settings = new Settings(Platform.ResolvePath(Path.Combine(Platform.SupportDirPrefix, "settings.yaml")), args);
+			Settings = new Settings(Path.Combine(Platform.SupportDir, "settings.yaml"), args);
 		}
 
 		public static RunStatus InitializeAndRun(string[] args)
 		{
 			Initialize(new Arguments(args));
+
+			// Proactively collect memory during loading to reduce peak memory.
 			GC.Collect();
 			return Run();
 		}
 
 		static void Initialize(Arguments args)
 		{
+			var engineDirArg = args.GetValue("Engine.EngineDir", null);
+			if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(engineDirArg))
+				Platform.OverrideEngineDir(engineDirArg);
+
 			var supportDirArg = args.GetValue("Engine.SupportDir", null);
 			if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(supportDirArg))
 				Platform.OverrideSupportDir(supportDirArg);
@@ -272,7 +289,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			// Load the engine version as early as possible so it can be written to exception logs
 			try
 			{
-				EngineVersion = File.ReadAllText(Platform.ResolvePath(Path.Combine(".", "VERSION"))).Trim();
+				EngineVersion = File.ReadAllText(Path.Combine(Platform.EngineDir, "VERSION")).Trim();
 			}
 			catch { }
 
@@ -280,6 +297,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				EngineVersion = "Unknown";
 
 			Console.WriteLine("Engine version is {0}", EngineVersion);
+			Console.WriteLine("Runtime: {0}", Platform.RuntimeVersion);
 
 			// Special case handling of Game.Mod argument: if it matches a real filesystem path
 			// then we use this to override the mod search path, and replace it with the mod id
@@ -311,10 +329,17 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				Settings.Game.Platform = p;
 				try
 				{
-					var rendererPath = Platform.ResolvePath(Path.Combine(".", "OpenRA.Platforms." + p + ".dll"));
-					var assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(rendererPath);
+					var rendererPath = Path.Combine(Platform.BinDir, "OpenRA.Platforms." + p + ".dll");
 
+#if !MONO
+					var loader = new AssemblyLoader(rendererPath);
+					var platformType = loader.LoadDefaultAssembly().GetTypes().SingleOrDefault(t => typeof(IPlatform).IsAssignableFrom(t));
+
+#else
+					var assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(rendererPath);
 					var platformType = assembly.GetTypes().SingleOrDefault(t => typeof(IPlatform).IsAssignableFrom(t));
+#endif
+
 					if (platformType == null)
 						throw new InvalidOperationException("Platform dll must include exactly one IPlatform implementation.");
 
@@ -341,7 +366,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			var modSearchArg = args.GetValue("Engine.ModSearchPaths", null);
 			var modSearchPaths = modSearchArg != null ?
 				FieldLoader.GetValue<string[]>("Engine.ModsPath", modSearchArg) :
-				new[] { Path.Combine(".", "mods") };
+				new[] { Path.Combine(Platform.EngineDir, "mods") };
 
 			Mods = new InstalledMods(modSearchPaths, explicitModPaths);
 			Console.WriteLine("Internal mods:");
@@ -354,14 +379,24 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 			if (modID != null && Mods.TryGetValue(modID, out _))
 			{
-				var launchPath = args.GetValue("Engine.LaunchPath", Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().Location);
+				var launchPath = args.GetValue("Engine.LaunchPath", null);
+				var launchArgs = new List<string>();
 
 				// Sanitize input from platform-specific launchers
 				// Process.Start requires paths to not be quoted, even if they contain spaces
-				if (launchPath.First() == '"' && launchPath.Last() == '"')
+				if (launchPath != null && launchPath.First() == '"' && launchPath.Last() == '"')
 					launchPath = launchPath.Substring(1, launchPath.Length - 2);
 
-				ExternalMods.Register(Mods[modID], launchPath, ModRegistration.User);
+				if (launchPath == null)
+				{
+					// When launching the assembly directly we must propagate the Engine.EngineDir argument if defined
+					// Platform-specific launchers are expected to manage this internally.
+					launchPath = Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().Location;
+					if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(engineDirArg))
+						launchArgs.Add("Engine.EngineDir=\"" + engineDirArg + "\"");
+				}
+
+				ExternalMods.Register(Mods[modID], launchPath, launchArgs, ModRegistration.User);
 
 				if (ExternalMods.TryGetValue(ExternalMod.MakeKey(Mods[modID]), out var activeMod))
 					ExternalMods.ClearInvalidRegistrations(activeMod, ModRegistration.User);
@@ -410,7 +445,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 			ModData = new ModData(Mods[mod], Mods, true);
 
-			LocalPlayerProfile = new LocalPlayerProfile(Platform.ResolvePath(Path.Combine("^", Settings.Game.AuthProfile)), ModData.Manifest.Get<PlayerDatabase>());
+			LocalPlayerProfile = new LocalPlayerProfile(Path.Combine(Platform.SupportDir, Settings.Game.AuthProfile), ModData.Manifest.Get<PlayerDatabase>());
 
 			if (!ModData.LoadScreen.BeforeLoad())
 				return;
@@ -526,7 +561,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			using (new PerfTimer("Renderer.SaveScreenshot"))
 			{
 				var mod = ModData.Manifest.Metadata;
-				var directory = Platform.ResolvePath(Platform.SupportDirPrefix, "Screenshots", ModData.Manifest.Id, mod.Version);
+				var directory = Path.Combine(Platform.SupportDir, "Screenshots", ModData.Manifest.Id, mod.Version);
 				Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
 
 				var filename = TimestampedFilename(true);
@@ -907,9 +942,11 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				AdvertiseOnline = false
 			};
 
+			// Always connect to local games using the same loopback connection
+			// Exposing multiple endpoints introduces a race condition on the client's PlayerIndex (sometimes 0, sometimes 1)
+			// This would break the Restart button, which relies on the PlayerIndex always being the same for local servers
 			var endpoints = new List<IPEndPoint>
 			{
-				new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.IPv6Loopback, 0),
 				new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Loopback, 0)
 			};
 			server = new Server.Server(endpoints, settings, ModData, ServerType.Local);

OpenRA.Game/GameInformation.cs

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		/// <summary>Gets the game's duration, from the time the game started until the replay recording stopped.</summary>
 		public TimeSpan Duration { get { return EndTimeUtc > StartTimeUtc ? EndTimeUtc - StartTimeUtc : TimeSpan.Zero; } }
 		public IList<Player> Players { get; private set; }
+		public HashSet<int> DisabledSpawnPoints = new HashSet<int>();
 		public MapPreview MapPreview { get { return Game.ModData.MapCache[MapUid]; } }
 		public IEnumerable<Player> HumanPlayers { get { return Players.Where(p => p.IsHuman); } }
 		public bool IsSinglePlayer { get { return HumanPlayers.Count() == 1; } }
@@ -118,11 +119,13 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				IsBot = runtimePlayer.IsBot,
 				FactionName = runtimePlayer.Faction.Name,
 				FactionId = runtimePlayer.Faction.InternalName,
+				DisplayFactionName = runtimePlayer.DisplayFaction.Name,
+				DisplayFactionId = runtimePlayer.DisplayFaction.InternalName,
 				Color = runtimePlayer.Color,
 				Team = client.Team,
 				SpawnPoint = runtimePlayer.SpawnPoint,
 				IsRandomFaction = runtimePlayer.Faction.InternalName != client.Faction,
-				IsRandomSpawnPoint = runtimePlayer.SpawnPoint != client.SpawnPoint,
+				IsRandomSpawnPoint = runtimePlayer.DisplaySpawnPoint == 0,
 				Fingerprint = client.Fingerprint
 			};
 
@@ -156,6 +159,10 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			public string FactionId;
 			public Color Color;
 
+			/// <summary>The faction (including Random, etc.) that was selected in the lobby.</summary>
+			public string DisplayFactionName;
+			public string DisplayFactionId;
+
 			/// <summary>The team ID on start-up, or 0 if the player is not part of a team.</summary>
 			public int Team;
 			public int SpawnPoint;
@@ -179,6 +186,9 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			/// <summary>The time when this player won or lost the game.</summary>
 			public DateTime OutcomeTimestampUtc;
 
+			/// <summary>The frame at which this player disconnected.</summary>
+			public int DisconnectFrame;
+
 			#endregion
 		}
 	}

OpenRA.Game/GameRules/Ruleset.cs

@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 				// TODO: Top-level dictionary should be moved into the Ruleset instead of in its own object
 				var sequences = mapSequences == null ? modData.DefaultSequences[tileSet] :
-					new SequenceProvider(fileSystem, modData, ts, mapSequences);
+					new SequenceProvider(fileSystem, modData, tileSet, mapSequences);
 
 				var modelSequences = dr.ModelSequences;
 				if (mapModelSequences != null)

OpenRA.Game/GameRules/WeaponInfo.cs

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.GameRules
 		}
 
 		/// <summary>Checks if the weapon is valid against (can target) the target.</summary>
-		public bool IsValidAgainst(Target target, World world, Actor firedBy)
+		public bool IsValidAgainst(in Target target, World world, Actor firedBy)
 		{
 			if (target.Type == TargetType.Actor)
 				return IsValidAgainst(target.Actor, firedBy);
@@ -220,20 +220,24 @@ namespace OpenRA.GameRules
 		}
 
 		/// <summary>Applies all the weapon's warheads to the target.</summary>
-		public void Impact(Target target, WarheadArgs args)
+		public void Impact(in Target target, WarheadArgs args)
 		{
 			var world = args.SourceActor.World;
 			foreach (var warhead in Warheads)
 			{
 				if (warhead.Delay > 0)
-					world.AddFrameEndTask(w => w.Add(new DelayedImpact(warhead.Delay, warhead, target, args)));
+				{
+					// Lambdas can't use 'in' variables, so capture a copy for later
+					var delayedTarget = target;
+					world.AddFrameEndTask(w => w.Add(new DelayedImpact(warhead.Delay, warhead, delayedTarget, args)));
+				}
 				else
 					warhead.DoImpact(target, args);
 			}
 		}
 
 		/// <summary>Applies all the weapon's warheads to the target. Only use for projectile-less, special-case impacts.</summary>
-		public void Impact(Target target, Actor firedBy)
+		public void Impact(in Target target, Actor firedBy)
 		{
 			// The impact will happen immediately at target.CenterPosition.
 			var args = new WarheadArgs

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/CursorManager.cs

@@ -236,15 +236,14 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			{
 				for (var i = 0; i < width; i++)
 				{
-					var bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(palette[frame.Data[j * width + i]]);
-					var c = palette[frame.Data[j * width + i]];
+					var rgba = palette[frame.Data[j * width + i]];
 					var k = 4 * (j * width + i);
 
 					// Convert RGBA to BGRA
-					data[k] = bytes[2];
-					data[k + 1] = bytes[1];
-					data[k + 2] = bytes[0];
-					data[k + 3] = bytes[3];
+					data[k] = (byte)(rgba >> 16);
+					data[k + 1] = (byte)(rgba >> 8);
+					data[k + 2] = (byte)(rgba >> 0);
+					data[k + 3] = (byte)(rgba >> 24);
 				}
 			}
 

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/CursorSequence.cs

@@ -31,8 +31,10 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			Palette = palette;
 			Name = name;
 
+			Frames = cache[cursorSrc].Skip(Start).ToArray();
+
 			if ((d.ContainsKey("Length") && d["Length"].Value == "*") || (d.ContainsKey("End") && d["End"].Value == "*"))
-				Length = Frames.Length - Start;
+				Length = Frames.Length;
 			else if (d.ContainsKey("Length"))
 				Length = Exts.ParseIntegerInvariant(d["Length"].Value);
 			else if (d.ContainsKey("End"))
@@ -40,10 +42,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			else
 				Length = 1;
 
-			Frames = cache[cursorSrc]
-				.Skip(Start)
-				.Take(Length)
-				.ToArray();
+			Frames = Frames.Take(Length).ToArray();
 
 			if (d.ContainsKey("X"))
 			{

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/ModelRenderer.cs

@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 		}
 
 		public ModelRenderProxy RenderAsync(
-			WorldRenderer wr, IEnumerable<ModelAnimation> models, WRot camera, float scale,
-			float[] groundNormal, WRot lightSource, float[] lightAmbientColor, float[] lightDiffuseColor,
+			WorldRenderer wr, IEnumerable<ModelAnimation> models, in WRot camera, float scale,
+			float[] groundNormal, in WRot lightSource, float[] lightAmbientColor, float[] lightDiffuseColor,
 			PaletteReference color, PaletteReference normals, PaletteReference shadowPalette)
 		{
 			if (!isInFrame)

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/PlatformInterfaces.cs

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ namespace OpenRA
 {
 	public enum GLProfile
 	{
+		Automatic,
+		ANGLE,
 		Modern,
 		Embedded,
 		Legacy
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 	public interface IPlatform
 	{
-		IPlatformWindow CreateWindow(Size size, WindowMode windowMode, float scaleModifier, int batchSize, int videoDisplay, GLProfile profile);
+		IPlatformWindow CreateWindow(Size size, WindowMode windowMode, float scaleModifier, int batchSize, int videoDisplay, GLProfile profile, bool enableLegacyGL);
 		ISoundEngine CreateSound(string device);
 		IFont CreateFont(byte[] data);
 	}
@@ -101,8 +103,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 	{
 		void Bind();
 		void SetData(T[] vertices, int length);
-		void SetData(T[] vertices, int start, int length);
-		void SetData(IntPtr data, int start, int length);
+		void SetData(T[] vertices, int offset, int start, int length);
 	}
 
 	public interface IShader

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/Renderable.cs

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 
 	public interface ITintableRenderable
 	{
-		IRenderable WithTint(float3 newTint);
+		IRenderable WithTint(in float3 newTint);
 	}
 
 	public interface IFinalizedRenderable

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/RgbaColorRenderer.cs

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			this.parent = parent;
 		}
 
-		public void DrawLine(float3 start, float3 end, float width, Color startColor, Color endColor)
+		public void DrawLine(in float3 start, in float3 end, float width, Color startColor, Color endColor)
 		{
 			var delta = (end - start) / (end - start).XY.Length;
 			var corner = width / 2 * new float3(-delta.Y, delta.X, delta.Z);
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			parent.DrawRGBAVertices(vertices);
 		}
 
-		public void DrawLine(float3 start, float3 end, float width, Color color)
+		public void DrawLine(in float3 start, in float3 end, float width, Color color)
 		{
 			var delta = (end - start) / (end - start).XY.Length;
 			var corner = width / 2 * new float2(-delta.Y, delta.X);
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 		/// Will behave badly if the lines are parallel.
 		/// Z position is the average of a and b (ignores actual intersection point if it exists)
 		/// </summary>
-		float3 IntersectionOf(float3 a, float3 da, float3 b, float3 db)
+		float3 IntersectionOf(in float3 a, in float3 da, in float3 b, in float3 db)
 		{
 			var crossA = a.X * (a.Y + da.Y) - a.Y * (a.X + da.X);
 			var crossB = b.X * (b.Y + db.Y) - b.Y * (b.X + db.X);
@@ -193,14 +193,14 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			DrawConnectedLine(vertices.Select(v => new float3(v, 0)).ToArray(), width, color, true);
 		}
 
-		public void DrawRect(float3 tl, float3 br, float width, Color color)
+		public void DrawRect(in float3 tl, in float3 br, float width, Color color)
 		{
 			var tr = new float3(br.X, tl.Y, tl.Z);
 			var bl = new float3(tl.X, br.Y, br.Z);
 			DrawPolygon(new[] { tl, tr, br, bl }, width, color);
 		}
 
-		public void FillTriangle(float3 a, float3 b, float3 c, Color color)
+		public void FillTriangle(in float3 a, in float3 b, in float3 c, Color color)
 		{
 			color = Util.PremultiplyAlpha(color);
 			var cr = color.R / 255.0f;
@@ -214,14 +214,14 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			parent.DrawRGBAVertices(vertices);
 		}
 
-		public void FillRect(float3 tl, float3 br, Color color)
+		public void FillRect(in float3 tl, in float3 br, Color color)
 		{
 			var tr = new float3(br.X, tl.Y, tl.Z);
 			var bl = new float3(tl.X, br.Y, br.Z);
 			FillRect(tl, tr, br, bl, color);
 		}
 
-		public void FillRect(float3 a, float3 b, float3 c, float3 d, Color color)
+		public void FillRect(in float3 a, in float3 b, in float3 c, in float3 d, Color color)
 		{
 			color = Util.PremultiplyAlpha(color);
 			var cr = color.R / 255.0f;
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			parent.DrawRGBAVertices(vertices);
 		}
 
-		public void FillRect(float3 a, float3 b, float3 c, float3 d, Color topLeftColor, Color topRightColor, Color bottomRightColor, Color bottomLeftColor)
+		public void FillRect(in float3 a, in float3 b, in float3 c, in float3 d, Color topLeftColor, Color topRightColor, Color bottomRightColor, Color bottomLeftColor)
 		{
 			vertices[0] = VertexWithColor(a + Offset, topLeftColor);
 			vertices[1] = VertexWithColor(b + Offset, topRightColor);
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			parent.DrawRGBAVertices(vertices);
 		}
 
-		static Vertex VertexWithColor(float3 xyz, Color color)
+		static Vertex VertexWithColor(in float3 xyz, Color color)
 		{
 			color = Util.PremultiplyAlpha(color);
 			var cr = color.R / 255.0f;
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			return new Vertex(xyz, cr, cg, cb, ca, 0, 0);
 		}
 
-		public void FillEllipse(float3 tl, float3 br, Color color, int vertices = 32)
+		public void FillEllipse(in float3 tl, in float3 br, Color color, int vertices = 32)
 		{
 			// TODO: Create an ellipse polygon instead
 			var a = (br.X - tl.X) / 2;

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/RgbaSpriteRenderer.cs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			this.parent = parent;
 		}
 
-		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, float3 location, float3 size)
+		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, in float3 location, in float3 size)
 		{
 			if (s.Channel != TextureChannel.RGBA)
 				throw new InvalidOperationException("DrawRGBASprite requires a RGBA sprite.");
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			parent.DrawSprite(s, location, 0, size);
 		}
 
-		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, float3 location)
+		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, in float3 location)
 		{
 			if (s.Channel != TextureChannel.RGBA)
 				throw new InvalidOperationException("DrawRGBASprite requires a RGBA sprite.");
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			parent.DrawSprite(s, location, 0, s.Size);
 		}
 
-		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, float3 a, float3 b, float3 c, float3 d)
+		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, in float3 a, in float3 b, in float3 c, in float3 d)
 		{
 			if (s.Channel != TextureChannel.RGBA)
 				throw new InvalidOperationException("DrawRGBASprite requires a RGBA sprite.");
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			parent.DrawSprite(s, a, b, c, d);
 		}
 
-		public void DrawSpriteWithTint(Sprite s, float3 location, float3 size, float3 tint)
+		public void DrawSpriteWithTint(Sprite s, in float3 location, in float3 size, in float3 tint)
 		{
 			if (s.Channel != TextureChannel.RGBA)
 				throw new InvalidOperationException("DrawRGBASprite requires a RGBA sprite.");
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			parent.DrawSpriteWithTint(s, location, 0, size, tint);
 		}
 
-		public void DrawSpriteWithTint(Sprite s, float3 a, float3 b, float3 c, float3 d, float3 tint)
+		public void DrawSpriteWithTint(Sprite s, in float3 a, in float3 b, in float3 c, in float3 d, in float3 tint)
 		{
 			if (s.Channel != TextureChannel.RGBA)
 				throw new InvalidOperationException("DrawRGBASprite requires a RGBA sprite.");

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/SequenceProvider.cs

@@ -41,21 +41,20 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 
 	public interface ISpriteSequenceLoader
 	{
-		Action<string> OnMissingSpriteError { get; set; }
-		IReadOnlyDictionary<string, ISpriteSequence> ParseSequences(ModData modData, TileSet tileSet, SpriteCache cache, MiniYamlNode node);
+		IReadOnlyDictionary<string, ISpriteSequence> ParseSequences(ModData modData, string tileSet, SpriteCache cache, MiniYamlNode node);
 	}
 
 	public class SequenceProvider : IDisposable
 	{
 		readonly ModData modData;
-		readonly TileSet tileSet;
+		readonly string tileSet;
 		readonly Lazy<Sequences> sequences;
 		readonly Lazy<SpriteCache> spriteCache;
 		public SpriteCache SpriteCache { get { return spriteCache.Value; } }
 
 		readonly Dictionary<string, UnitSequences> sequenceCache = new Dictionary<string, UnitSequences>();
 
-		public SequenceProvider(IReadOnlyFileSystem fileSystem, ModData modData, TileSet tileSet, MiniYaml additionalSequences)
+		public SequenceProvider(IReadOnlyFileSystem fileSystem, ModData modData, string tileSet, MiniYaml additionalSequences)
 		{
 			this.modData = modData;
 			this.tileSet = tileSet;
@@ -79,6 +78,8 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			return seq;
 		}
 
+		public IEnumerable<string> Images { get { return sequences.Value.Keys; } }
+
 		public bool HasSequence(string unitName)
 		{
 			return sequences.Value.ContainsKey(unitName);
@@ -104,10 +105,11 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 		{
 			var nodes = MiniYaml.Load(fileSystem, modData.Manifest.Sequences, additionalSequences);
 			var items = new Dictionary<string, UnitSequences>();
-			foreach (var n in nodes)
+			foreach (var node in nodes)
 			{
-				// Work around the loop closure issue in older versions of C#
-				var node = n;
+				// Nodes starting with ^ are inheritable but never loaded directly
+				if (node.Key.StartsWith(ActorInfo.AbstractActorPrefix, StringComparison.Ordinal))
+					continue;
 
 				var key = node.Value.ToLines(node.Key).JoinWith("|");
 

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/SheetBuilder.cs

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 
 		public Sprite Add(ISpriteFrame frame) { return Add(frame.Data, frame.Size, 0, frame.Offset); }
 		public Sprite Add(byte[] src, Size size) { return Add(src, size, 0, float3.Zero); }
-		public Sprite Add(byte[] src, Size size, float zRamp, float3 spriteOffset)
+		public Sprite Add(byte[] src, Size size, float zRamp, in float3 spriteOffset)
 		{
 			// Don't bother allocating empty sprites
 			if (size.Width == 0 || size.Height == 0)
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 		}
 
 		public Sprite Allocate(Size imageSize, float scale = 1f) { return Allocate(imageSize, 0, float3.Zero, scale); }
-		public Sprite Allocate(Size imageSize, float zRamp, float3 spriteOffset, float scale = 1f)
+		public Sprite Allocate(Size imageSize, float zRamp, in float3 spriteOffset, float scale = 1f)
 		{
 			if (imageSize.Width + p.X + margin > current.Size.Width)
 			{

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/Sprite.cs

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 		public Sprite(Sheet sheet, Rectangle bounds, TextureChannel channel, float scale = 1)
 			: this(sheet, bounds, 0, float2.Zero, channel, BlendMode.Alpha, scale) { }
 
-		public Sprite(Sheet sheet, Rectangle bounds, float zRamp, float3 offset, TextureChannel channel, BlendMode blendMode = BlendMode.Alpha, float scale = 1f)
+		public Sprite(Sheet sheet, Rectangle bounds, float zRamp, in float3 offset, TextureChannel channel, BlendMode blendMode = BlendMode.Alpha, float scale = 1f)
 		{
 			Sheet = sheet;
 			Bounds = bounds;

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/SpriteFont.cs

@@ -239,7 +239,15 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 				return new int2(0, size);
 
 			var lines = text.Split('\n');
-			return new int2((int)Math.Ceiling(lines.Max(lineWidth)), lines.Length * size);
+			return new int2((int)Math.Ceiling(MaxLineWidth(lines, lineWidth)), lines.Length * size);
+		}
+
+		static float MaxLineWidth(string[] lines, Func<string, float> lineWidth)
+		{
+			var maxWidth = 0f;
+			foreach (var line in lines)
+				maxWidth = Math.Max(maxWidth, lineWidth(line));
+			return maxWidth;
 		}
 
 		GlyphInfo CreateGlyph(char c)

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/SpriteRenderable.cs

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 		public IRenderable OffsetBy(WVec vec) { return new SpriteRenderable(sprite, pos + vec, offset, zOffset, palette, scale, tint, isDecoration, ignoreWorldTint); }
 		public IRenderable AsDecoration() { return new SpriteRenderable(sprite, pos, offset, zOffset, palette, scale, tint, true, ignoreWorldTint); }
 
-		public IRenderable WithTint(float3 newTint) { return new SpriteRenderable(sprite, pos, offset, zOffset, palette, scale, newTint, isDecoration, ignoreWorldTint); }
+		public IRenderable WithTint(in float3 newTint) { return new SpriteRenderable(sprite, pos, offset, zOffset, palette, scale, newTint, isDecoration, ignoreWorldTint); }
 
 		float3 ScreenPosition(WorldRenderer wr)
 		{

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/SpriteRenderer.cs

@@ -10,17 +10,21 @@
 #endregion
 
 using System;
+using System.Linq;
 using OpenRA.Primitives;
 
 namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 {
 	public class SpriteRenderer : Renderer.IBatchRenderer
 	{
+		const int SheetCount = 7;
+		static readonly string[] SheetIndexToTextureName = Exts.MakeArray(SheetCount, i => "Texture{0}".F(i));
+
 		readonly Renderer renderer;
 		readonly IShader shader;
 
 		readonly Vertex[] vertices;
-		readonly Sheet[] sheets = new Sheet[7];
+		readonly Sheet[] sheets = new Sheet[SheetCount];
 
 		BlendMode currentBlend = BlendMode.Alpha;
 		int nv = 0;
@@ -39,7 +43,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			{
 				for (var i = 0; i < ns; i++)
 				{
-					shader.SetTexture("Texture{0}".F(i), sheets[i].GetTexture());
+					shader.SetTexture(SheetIndexToTextureName[i], sheets[i].GetTexture());
 					sheets[i] = null;
 				}
 
@@ -104,43 +108,43 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			return new int2(sheetIndex, secondarySheetIndex);
 		}
 
-		internal void DrawSprite(Sprite s, float3 location, float paletteTextureIndex, float3 size)
+		internal void DrawSprite(Sprite s, in float3 location, float paletteTextureIndex, in float3 size)
 		{
 			var samplers = SetRenderStateForSprite(s);
 			Util.FastCreateQuad(vertices, location + s.FractionalOffset * size, s, samplers, paletteTextureIndex, nv, size, float3.Ones);
 			nv += 6;
 		}
 
-		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, float3 location, PaletteReference pal)
+		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, in float3 location, PaletteReference pal)
 		{
 			DrawSprite(s, location, pal.TextureIndex, s.Size);
 		}
 
-		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, float3 location, PaletteReference pal, float3 size)
+		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, in float3 location, PaletteReference pal, float3 size)
 		{
 			DrawSprite(s, location, pal.TextureIndex, size);
 		}
 
-		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, float3 a, float3 b, float3 c, float3 d)
+		public void DrawSprite(Sprite s, in float3 a, in float3 b, in float3 c, in float3 d)
 		{
 			var samplers = SetRenderStateForSprite(s);
 			Util.FastCreateQuad(vertices, a, b, c, d, s, samplers, 0, float3.Ones, nv);
 			nv += 6;
 		}
 
-		internal void DrawSpriteWithTint(Sprite s, float3 location, float paletteTextureIndex, float3 size, float3 tint)
+		internal void DrawSpriteWithTint(Sprite s, in float3 location, float paletteTextureIndex, in float3 size, in float3 tint)
 		{
 			var samplers = SetRenderStateForSprite(s);
 			Util.FastCreateQuad(vertices, location + s.FractionalOffset * size, s, samplers, paletteTextureIndex, nv, size, tint);
 			nv += 6;
 		}
 
-		public void DrawSpriteWithTint(Sprite s, float3 location, PaletteReference pal, float3 size, float3 tint)
+		public void DrawSpriteWithTint(Sprite s, in float3 location, PaletteReference pal, in float3 size, in float3 tint)
 		{
 			DrawSpriteWithTint(s, location, pal.TextureIndex, size, tint);
 		}
 
-		public void DrawSpriteWithTint(Sprite s, float3 a, float3 b, float3 c, float3 d, float3 tint)
+		public void DrawSpriteWithTint(Sprite s, in float3 a, in float3 b, in float3 c, in float3 d, in float3 tint)
 		{
 			var samplers = SetRenderStateForSprite(s);
 			Util.FastCreateQuad(vertices, a, b, c, d, s, samplers, 0, tint, nv);

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/TerrainSpriteLayer.cs

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			dirtyRows.Add(uv.V);
 		}
 
-		public void Update(MPos uv, Sprite sprite, float3 pos, bool ignoreTint)
+		public void Update(MPos uv, Sprite sprite, in float3 pos, bool ignoreTint)
 		{
 			if (sprite != null)
 			{
@@ -183,15 +183,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 					continue;
 
 				var rowOffset = rowStride * row;
-
-				unsafe
-				{
-					// The compiler / language spec won't let us calculate a pointer to
-					// an offset inside a generic array T[], and so we are forced to
-					// calculate the start-of-row pointer here to pass in to SetData.
-					fixed (Vertex* vPtr = &vertices[0])
-						vertexBuffer.SetData((IntPtr)(vPtr + rowOffset), rowOffset, rowStride);
-				}
+				vertexBuffer.SetData(vertices, rowOffset, rowOffset, rowStride);
 			}
 
 			Game.Renderer.WorldSpriteRenderer.DrawVertexBuffer(

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/Theater.cs

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 		readonly MersenneTwister random;
 		TileSet tileset;
 
-		public Theater(TileSet tileset)
+		public Theater(TileSet tileset, Action<uint, string> onMissingImage = null)
 		{
 			this.tileset = tileset;
 			var allocated = false;
@@ -63,9 +63,31 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 
 				foreach (var i in t.Value.Images)
 				{
-					var allFrames = frameCache[i];
+					ISpriteFrame[] allFrames;
+					if (onMissingImage != null)
+					{
+						try
+						{
+							allFrames = frameCache[i];
+						}
+						catch (FileNotFoundException)
+						{
+							onMissingImage(t.Key, i);
+							continue;
+						}
+					}
+					else
+						allFrames = frameCache[i];
+
 					var frameCount = tileset.EnableDepth ? allFrames.Length / 2 : allFrames.Length;
-					var indices = t.Value.Frames != null ? t.Value.Frames : Enumerable.Range(0, frameCount);
+					var indices = t.Value.Frames != null ? t.Value.Frames : Exts.MakeArray(t.Value.TilesCount, j => j);
+
+					var start = indices.Min();
+					var end = indices.Max();
+					if (start < 0 || end >= frameCount)
+						throw new YamlException("Template `{0}` uses frames [{1}..{2}] of {3}, but only [0..{4}] actually exist"
+							.F(t.Key, start, end, i, frameCount - 1));
+
 					variants.Add(indices.Select(j =>
 					{
 						var f = allFrames[j];
@@ -82,7 +104,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 						if (sheetBuilder == null)
 							sheetBuilder = new SheetBuilder(SheetBuilder.FrameTypeToSheetType(f.Type), allocate);
 						else if (type != sheetBuilder.Type)
-							throw new InvalidDataException("Sprite type mismatch. Terrain sprites must all be either Indexed or RGBA.");
+							throw new YamlException("Sprite type mismatch. Terrain sprites must all be either Indexed or RGBA.");
 
 						var s = sheetBuilder.Allocate(f.Size, zRamp, offset);
 						Util.FastCopyIntoChannel(s, f.Data);
@@ -107,6 +129,9 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 				if (tileset.IgnoreTileSpriteOffsets)
 					allSprites = allSprites.Select(s => new Sprite(s.Sheet, s.Bounds, s.ZRamp, new float3(float2.Zero, s.Offset.Z), s.Channel, s.BlendMode));
 
+				if (onMissingImage != null && !variants.Any())
+					continue;
+
 				templates.Add(t.Value.Id, new TheaterTemplate(allSprites.ToArray(), variants.First().Count(), t.Value.Images.Length));
 			}
 
@@ -116,6 +141,11 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			Sheet.ReleaseBuffer();
 		}
 
+		public bool HasTileSprite(TerrainTile r, int? variant = null)
+		{
+			return TileSprite(r, variant) != missingTile;
+		}
+
 		public Sprite TileSprite(TerrainTile r, int? variant = null)
 		{
 			if (!templates.TryGetValue(r.Type, out var template))
@@ -138,10 +168,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 				for (var x = 0; x < template.Size.X; x++)
 				{
 					var tile = new TerrainTile(template.Id, (byte)(i++));
-					var tileInfo = tileset.GetTileInfo(tile);
-
-					// Empty tile
-					if (tileInfo == null)
+					if (!tileset.TryGetTileInfo(tile, out var tileInfo))
 						continue;
 
 					var sprite = TileSprite(tile);

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/Util.cs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 		// yes, our channel order is nuts.
 		static readonly int[] ChannelMasks = { 2, 1, 0, 3 };
 
-		public static void FastCreateQuad(Vertex[] vertices, float3 o, Sprite r, int2 samplers, float paletteTextureIndex, int nv, float3 size, float3 tint)
+		public static void FastCreateQuad(Vertex[] vertices, in float3 o, Sprite r, int2 samplers, float paletteTextureIndex, int nv, in float3 size, in float3 tint)
 		{
 			var b = new float3(o.X + size.X, o.Y, o.Z);
 			var c = new float3(o.X + size.X, o.Y + size.Y, o.Z + size.Z);
@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 		}
 
 		public static void FastCreateQuad(Vertex[] vertices,
-			float3 a, float3 b, float3 c, float3 d,
+			in float3 a, in float3 b, in float3 c, in float3 d,
 			Sprite r, int2 samplers, float paletteTextureIndex,
-			float3 tint, int nv)
+			in float3 tint, int nv)
 		{
 			float sl = 0;
 			float st = 0;

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/Vertex.cs

@@ -28,13 +28,13 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 		// Color tint
 		public readonly float R, G, B;
 
-		public Vertex(float3 xyz, float s, float t, float u, float v, float p, float c)
+		public Vertex(in float3 xyz, float s, float t, float u, float v, float p, float c)
 			: this(xyz.X, xyz.Y, xyz.Z, s, t, u, v, p, c, float3.Ones) { }
 
-		public Vertex(float3 xyz, float s, float t, float u, float v, float p, float c, float3 tint)
+		public Vertex(in float3 xyz, float s, float t, float u, float v, float p, float c, in float3 tint)
 			: this(xyz.X, xyz.Y, xyz.Z, s, t, u, v, p, c, tint.X, tint.Y, tint.Z) { }
 
-		public Vertex(float x, float y, float z, float s, float t, float u, float v, float p, float c, float3 tint)
+		public Vertex(float x, float y, float z, float s, float t, float u, float v, float p, float c, in float3 tint)
 			: this(x, y, z, s, t, u, v, p, c, tint.X, tint.Y, tint.Z) { }
 
 		public Vertex(float x, float y, float z, float s, float t, float u, float v, float p, float c, float r, float g, float b)

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/Viewport.cs

@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			// Try and find the closest cell
 			if (candidates.Count > 0)
 			{
-				return candidates.OrderBy(uv =>
+				return candidates.MinBy(uv =>
 				{
 					var p = map.CenterOfCell(uv.ToCPos(map.Grid.Type));
 					var s = worldRenderer.ScreenPxPosition(p);
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 					var dy = Math.Abs(s.Y - world.Y);
 
 					return dx * dx + dy * dy;
-				}).First().ToCPos(map);
+				}).ToCPos(map);
 			}
 
 			// Something is very wrong, but lets return something that isn't completely bogus and hope the caller can recover
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 
 		public int2 ViewToWorldPx(int2 view) { return (graphicSettings.UIScale / Zoom * view.ToFloat2()).ToInt2() + TopLeft; }
 		public int2 WorldToViewPx(int2 world) { return ((Zoom / graphicSettings.UIScale) * (world - TopLeft).ToFloat2()).ToInt2(); }
-		public int2 WorldToViewPx(float3 world) { return ((Zoom / graphicSettings.UIScale) * (world - TopLeft).XY).ToInt2(); }
+		public int2 WorldToViewPx(in float3 world) { return ((Zoom / graphicSettings.UIScale) * (world - TopLeft).XY).ToInt2(); }
 
 		public void Center(IEnumerable<Actor> actors)
 		{

OpenRA.Game/Graphics/WorldRenderer.cs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 {
 	public sealed class WorldRenderer : IDisposable
 	{
-		public static readonly Func<IRenderable, int> RenderableScreenZPositionComparisonKey =
+		public static readonly Func<IRenderable, int> RenderableZPositionComparisonKey =
 			r => ZPosition(r.Pos, r.ZOffset);
 
 		public readonly Size TileSize;
@@ -133,7 +133,8 @@ namespace OpenRA.Graphics
 			foreach (var e in World.ScreenMap.RenderableEffectsInBox(Viewport.TopLeft, Viewport.BottomRight))
 				renderablesBuffer.AddRange(e.Render(this));
 
-			foreach (var renderable in renderablesBuffer.OrderBy(RenderableScreenZPositionComparisonKey))
+			// Renderables must be ordered using a stable sorting algorithm to avoid flickering artefacts
+			foreach (var renderable in renderablesBuffer.OrderBy(RenderableZPositionComparisonKey))
 				preparedRenderables.Add(renderable.PrepareRender(this));
 
 			// PERF: Reuse collection to avoid allocations.

OpenRA.Game/Manifest.cs

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 		readonly string[] reservedModuleNames =
 		{
-			"Metadata", "Folders", "MapFolders", "Packages", "Rules",
+			"Include", "Metadata", "Folders", "MapFolders", "Packages", "Rules",
 			"Sequences", "ModelSequences", "Cursors", "Chrome", "Assemblies", "ChromeLayout", "Weapons",
 			"Voices", "Notifications", "Music", "Translations", "TileSets", "ChromeMetrics", "Missions", "Hotkeys",
 			"ServerTraits", "LoadScreen", "SupportsMapsFrom", "SoundFormats", "SpriteFormats",
@@ -89,7 +89,25 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		{
 			Id = modId;
 			Package = package;
-			yaml = new MiniYaml(null, MiniYaml.FromStream(package.GetStream("mod.yaml"), "mod.yaml")).ToDictionary();
+
+			var nodes = MiniYaml.FromStream(package.GetStream("mod.yaml"), "mod.yaml");
+			for (var i = nodes.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+			{
+				if (nodes[i].Key != "Include")
+					continue;
+
+				// Replace `Includes: filename.yaml` with the contents of filename.yaml
+				var filename = nodes[i].Value.Value;
+				var contents = package.GetStream(filename);
+				if (contents == null)
+					throw new YamlException("{0}: File `{1}` not found.".F(nodes[i].Location, filename));
+
+				nodes.RemoveAt(i);
+				nodes.InsertRange(i, MiniYaml.FromStream(contents, filename));
+			}
+
+			// Merge inherited overrides
+			yaml = new MiniYaml(null, MiniYaml.Merge(new[] { nodes })).ToDictionary();
 
 			Metadata = FieldLoader.Load<ModMetadata>(yaml["Metadata"]);
 

OpenRA.Game/Map/Map.cs

@@ -206,6 +206,8 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		public readonly MiniYaml NotificationDefinitions;
 		public readonly MiniYaml TranslationDefinitions;
 
+		public readonly Dictionary<CPos, TerrainTile> ReplacedInvalidTerrainTiles = new Dictionary<CPos, TerrainTile>();
+
 		// Generated data
 		public readonly MapGrid Grid;
 		public IReadOnlyPackage Package { get; private set; }
@@ -287,7 +289,6 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			this.modData = modData;
 			var size = new Size(width, height);
 			Grid = modData.Manifest.Get<MapGrid>();
-			var tileRef = new TerrainTile(tileset.Templates.First().Key, 0);
 
 			Title = "Name your map here";
 			Author = "Your name here";
@@ -310,7 +311,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				Tiles.CellEntryChanged += UpdateRamp;
 			}
 
-			Tiles.Clear(tileRef);
+			Tiles.Clear(tileset.DefaultTerrainTile);
 
 			PostInit();
 		}
@@ -331,6 +332,9 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				throw new InvalidDataException("Map format {0} is not supported.\n File: {1}".F(MapFormat, package.Name));
 
 			PlayerDefinitions = MiniYaml.NodesOrEmpty(yaml, "Players");
+			if (PlayerDefinitions.Count > 64)
+				throw new InvalidDataException("Maps must not define more than 64 players.\n File: {0}".F(package.Name));
+
 			ActorDefinitions = MiniYaml.NodesOrEmpty(yaml, "Actors");
 
 			Grid = modData.Manifest.Get<MapGrid>();
@@ -427,12 +431,18 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			foreach (var uv in AllCells.MapCoords)
 				CustomTerrain[uv] = byte.MaxValue;
 
-			// Cache initial ramp state
+			// Replace invalid tiles and cache ramp state
 			var tileset = Rules.TileSet;
-			foreach (var uv in AllCells)
+			foreach (var uv in AllCells.MapCoords)
 			{
-				var tile = tileset.GetTileInfo(Tiles[uv]);
-				Ramp[uv] = tile != null ? tile.RampType : (byte)0;
+				if (!tileset.TryGetTileInfo(Tiles[uv], out var info))
+				{
+					ReplacedInvalidTerrainTiles[uv.ToCPos(this)] = Tiles[uv];
+					Tiles[uv] = tileset.DefaultTerrainTile;
+					info = tileset.GetTileInfo(tileset.DefaultTerrainTile);
+				}
+
+				Ramp[uv] = info.RampType;
 			}
 
 			AllEdgeCells = UpdateEdgeCells();
@@ -440,8 +450,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 		void UpdateRamp(CPos cell)
 		{
-			var tile = Rules.TileSet.GetTileInfo(Tiles[cell]);
-			Ramp[cell] = tile != null ? tile.RampType : (byte)0;
+			Ramp[cell] = Rules.TileSet.GetTileInfo(Tiles[cell]).RampType;
 		}
 
 		void InitializeCellProjection()
@@ -667,32 +676,26 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			Color left, right;
 			var tileset = Rules.TileSet;
 			var type = tileset.GetTileInfo(Tiles[uv]);
-			if (type != null)
+			if (type.MinColor != type.MaxColor)
 			{
-				if (type.MinColor != type.MaxColor)
-				{
-					left = Exts.ColorLerp(Game.CosmeticRandom.NextFloat(), type.MinColor, type.MaxColor);
-					right = Exts.ColorLerp(Game.CosmeticRandom.NextFloat(), type.MinColor, type.MaxColor);
-				}
-				else
-					left = right = type.MinColor;
-
-				if (tileset.MinHeightColorBrightness != 1.0f || tileset.MaxHeightColorBrightness != 1.0f)
-				{
-					var scale = float2.Lerp(tileset.MinHeightColorBrightness, tileset.MaxHeightColorBrightness, Height[uv] * 1f / Grid.MaximumTerrainHeight);
-					left = Color.FromArgb((int)(scale * left.R).Clamp(0, 255), (int)(scale * left.G).Clamp(0, 255), (int)(scale * left.B).Clamp(0, 255));
-					right = Color.FromArgb((int)(scale * right.R).Clamp(0, 255), (int)(scale * right.G).Clamp(0, 255), (int)(scale * right.B).Clamp(0, 255));
-				}
+				left = Exts.ColorLerp(Game.CosmeticRandom.NextFloat(), type.MinColor, type.MaxColor);
+				right = Exts.ColorLerp(Game.CosmeticRandom.NextFloat(), type.MinColor, type.MaxColor);
 			}
 			else
-				left = right = Color.Black;
+				left = right = type.MinColor;
+
+			if (tileset.MinHeightColorBrightness != 1.0f || tileset.MaxHeightColorBrightness != 1.0f)
+			{
+				var scale = float2.Lerp(tileset.MinHeightColorBrightness, tileset.MaxHeightColorBrightness, Height[uv] * 1f / Grid.MaximumTerrainHeight);
+				left = Color.FromArgb((int)(scale * left.R).Clamp(0, 255), (int)(scale * left.G).Clamp(0, 255), (int)(scale * left.B).Clamp(0, 255));
+				right = Color.FromArgb((int)(scale * right.R).Clamp(0, 255), (int)(scale * right.G).Clamp(0, 255), (int)(scale * right.B).Clamp(0, 255));
+			}
 
 			return (left, right);
 		}
 
 		public byte[] SavePreview()
 		{
-			var tileset = Rules.TileSet;
 			var actorTypes = Rules.Actors.Values.Where(a => a.HasTraitInfo<IMapPreviewSignatureInfo>());
 			var actors = ActorDefinitions.Where(a => actorTypes.Where(ai => ai.Name == a.Value.Value).Any());
 			var positions = new List<(MPos Position, Color Color)>();
@@ -712,76 +715,73 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			foreach (var worldimpsi in worldimpsis)
 				worldimpsi.PopulateMapPreviewSignatureCells(this, worldActorInfo, null, positions);
 
-			using (var stream = new MemoryStream())
+			var isRectangularIsometric = Grid.Type == MapGridType.RectangularIsometric;
+
+			// Fudge the heightmap offset by adding as much extra as we need / can.
+			// This tries to correct for our incorrect assumption that MPos == PPos
+			var heightOffset = Math.Min(Grid.MaximumTerrainHeight, MapSize.Y - Bounds.Bottom);
+			var width = Bounds.Width;
+			var height = Bounds.Height + heightOffset;
+
+			var bitmapWidth = width;
+			if (isRectangularIsometric)
+				bitmapWidth = 2 * bitmapWidth - 1;
+
+			var stride = bitmapWidth * 4;
+			var pxStride = 4;
+			var minimapData = new byte[stride * height];
+			(Color Left, Color Right) terrainColor = default((Color, Color));
+
+			for (var y = 0; y < height; y++)
 			{
-				var isRectangularIsometric = Grid.Type == MapGridType.RectangularIsometric;
-
-				// Fudge the heightmap offset by adding as much extra as we need / can.
-				// This tries to correct for our incorrect assumption that MPos == PPos
-				var heightOffset = Math.Min(Grid.MaximumTerrainHeight, MapSize.Y - Bounds.Bottom);
-				var width = Bounds.Width;
-				var height = Bounds.Height + heightOffset;
-
-				var bitmapWidth = width;
-				if (isRectangularIsometric)
-					bitmapWidth = 2 * bitmapWidth - 1;
-
-				var stride = bitmapWidth * 4;
-				var pxStride = 4;
-				var minimapData = new byte[stride * height];
-				(Color Left, Color Right) terrainColor = default((Color, Color));
-
-				for (var y = 0; y < height; y++)
+				for (var x = 0; x < width; x++)
 				{
-					for (var x = 0; x < width; x++)
+					var uv = new MPos(x + Bounds.Left, y + Bounds.Top);
+
+					// FirstOrDefault will return a (MPos.Zero, Color.Transparent) if positions is empty
+					var actorColor = positions.FirstOrDefault(ap => ap.Position == uv).Color;
+					if (actorColor.A == 0)
+						terrainColor = GetTerrainColorPair(uv);
+
+					if (isRectangularIsometric)
 					{
-						var uv = new MPos(x + Bounds.Left, y + Bounds.Top);
-
-						// FirstOrDefault will return a (MPos.Zero, Color.Transparent) if positions is empty
-						var actorColor = positions.FirstOrDefault(ap => ap.Position == uv).Color;
-						if (actorColor.A == 0)
-							terrainColor = GetTerrainColorPair(uv);
-
-						if (isRectangularIsometric)
+						// Odd rows are shifted right by 1px
+						var dx = uv.V & 1;
+						var xOffset = pxStride * (2 * x + dx);
+						if (x + dx > 0)
 						{
-							// Odd rows are shifted right by 1px
-							var dx = uv.V & 1;
-							var xOffset = pxStride * (2 * x + dx);
-							if (x + dx > 0)
-							{
-								var z = y * stride + xOffset - pxStride;
-								var c = actorColor.A == 0 ? terrainColor.Left : actorColor;
-								minimapData[z++] = c.R;
-								minimapData[z++] = c.G;
-								minimapData[z++] = c.B;
-								minimapData[z] = c.A;
-							}
-
-							if (xOffset < stride)
-							{
-								var z = y * stride + xOffset;
-								var c = actorColor.A == 0 ? terrainColor.Right : actorColor;
-								minimapData[z++] = c.R;
-								minimapData[z++] = c.G;
-								minimapData[z++] = c.B;
-								minimapData[z] = c.A;
-							}
-						}
-						else
-						{
-							var z = y * stride + pxStride * x;
+							var z = y * stride + xOffset - pxStride;
 							var c = actorColor.A == 0 ? terrainColor.Left : actorColor;
 							minimapData[z++] = c.R;
 							minimapData[z++] = c.G;
 							minimapData[z++] = c.B;
 							minimapData[z] = c.A;
 						}
+
+						if (xOffset < stride)
+						{
+							var z = y * stride + xOffset;
+							var c = actorColor.A == 0 ? terrainColor.Right : actorColor;
+							minimapData[z++] = c.R;
+							minimapData[z++] = c.G;
+							minimapData[z++] = c.B;
+							minimapData[z] = c.A;
+						}
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						var z = y * stride + pxStride * x;
+						var c = actorColor.A == 0 ? terrainColor.Left : actorColor;
+						minimapData[z++] = c.R;
+						minimapData[z++] = c.G;
+						minimapData[z++] = c.B;
+						minimapData[z] = c.A;
 					}
 				}
-
-				var png = new Png(minimapData, bitmapWidth, height);
-				return png.Save();
 			}
+
+			var png = new Png(minimapData, bitmapWidth, height);
+			return png.Save();
 		}
 
 		public bool Contains(CPos cell)
@@ -1282,16 +1282,12 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("maxRange",
 					"The requested range ({0}) cannot exceed the value of MaximumTileSearchRange ({1})".F(maxRange, Grid.MaximumTileSearchRange));
 
-			Func<CPos, bool> valid = Contains;
-			if (allowOutsideBounds)
-				valid = Tiles.Contains;
-
 			for (var i = minRange; i <= maxRange; i++)
 			{
 				foreach (var offset in Grid.TilesByDistance[i])
 				{
 					var t = offset + center;
-					if (valid(t))
+					if (allowOutsideBounds ? Tiles.Contains(t) : Contains(t))
 						yield return t;
 				}
 			}

OpenRA.Game/Map/MapCache.cs

@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		object syncRoot = new object();
 		Queue<MapPreview> generateMinimap = new Queue<MapPreview>();
 
+		public Dictionary<string, string> StringPool { get; } = new Dictionary<string, string>();
+
 		public MapCache(ModData modData)
 		{
 			this.modData = modData;
@@ -70,13 +72,10 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				try
 				{
 					// HACK: If the path is inside the the support directory then we may need to create it
-					if (Platform.IsPathRelativeToSupportDirectory(name))
-					{
-						// Assume that the path is a directory if there is not an existing file with the same name
-						var resolved = Platform.ResolvePath(name);
-						if (!File.Exists(resolved))
-							Directory.CreateDirectory(resolved);
-					}
+					// Assume that the path is a directory if there is not an existing file with the same name
+					var resolved = Platform.ResolvePath(name);
+					if (resolved.StartsWith(Platform.SupportDir) && !File.Exists(resolved))
+						Directory.CreateDirectory(resolved);
 
 					package = modData.ModFiles.OpenPackage(name);
 				}
@@ -142,12 +141,9 @@ namespace OpenRA
 					name = name.Substring(1);
 
 				// Don't try to open the map directory in the support directory if it doesn't exist
-				if (Platform.IsPathRelativeToSupportDirectory(name))
-				{
-					var resolved = Platform.ResolvePath(name);
-					if (!Directory.Exists(resolved) || !File.Exists(resolved))
-						continue;
-				}
+				var resolved = Platform.ResolvePath(name);
+				if (resolved.StartsWith(Platform.SupportDir) && (!Directory.Exists(resolved) || !File.Exists(resolved)))
+					continue;
 
 				using (var package = (IReadWritePackage)modData.ModFiles.OpenPackage(name))
 				{

OpenRA.Game/Map/MapPreview.cs

@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				if (yamlStream == null)
 					throw new FileNotFoundException("Required file map.yaml not present in this map");
 
-				yaml = new MiniYaml(null, MiniYaml.FromStream(yamlStream, "map.yaml")).ToDictionary();
+				yaml = new MiniYaml(null, MiniYaml.FromStream(yamlStream, "map.yaml", stringPool: cache.StringPool)).ToDictionary();
 			}
 
 			Package = p;

OpenRA.Game/Map/PlayerReference.cs

@@ -32,7 +32,19 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		public bool LockColor = false;
 		public Color Color = Game.ModData.Manifest.Get<DefaultPlayer>().Color;
 
+		/// <summary>
+		/// Sets the "Home" location, which can be used by traits and scripts to e.g. set the initial camera
+		/// location or choose the map edge for reinforcements.
+		/// This will usually be overridden for client (lobby slot) players with a location based on the Spawn index
+		/// </summary>
+		public CPos HomeLocation = CPos.Zero;
+
 		public bool LockSpawn = false;
+
+		/// <summary>
+		/// Sets the initial spawn point index that is used to override the "Home" location for client (lobby slot) players.
+		/// Map players always ignore this and use HomeLocation directly.
+		/// </summary>
 		public int Spawn = 0;
 
 		public bool LockTeam = false;

OpenRA.Game/Map/ProjectedCellLayer.cs

@@ -22,11 +22,24 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			: base(gridType, size) { }
 
 		// Resolve an array index from map coordinates.
-		int Index(PPos uv)
+		public int Index(PPos uv)
 		{
 			return uv.V * Size.Width + uv.U;
 		}
 
+		public T this[int index]
+		{
+			get
+			{
+				return entries[index];
+			}
+
+			set
+			{
+				entries[index] = value;
+			}
+		}
+
 		/// <summary>Gets or sets the layer contents using projected map coordinates.</summary>
 		public T this[PPos uv]
 		{

OpenRA.Game/Map/TileReference.cs

@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		}
 
 		public override int GetHashCode() { return Type.GetHashCode() ^ Index.GetHashCode(); }
+
+		public override string ToString() { return Type + "," + Index; }
 	}
 
 	public struct ResourceTile

OpenRA.Game/Map/TileSet.cs

@@ -54,13 +54,6 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 		readonly TerrainTileInfo[] tileInfo;
 
-		public TerrainTemplateInfo(ushort id, string[] images, int2 size, byte[] tiles)
-		{
-			Id = id;
-			Images = images;
-			Size = size;
-		}
-
 		public TerrainTemplateInfo(TileSet tileSet, MiniYaml my)
 		{
 			FieldLoader.Load(this, my);
@@ -72,8 +65,11 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				tileInfo = new TerrainTileInfo[Size.X * Size.Y];
 				foreach (var node in nodes)
 				{
-					if (!int.TryParse(node.Key, out var key) || key < 0 || key >= tileInfo.Length)
-						throw new InvalidDataException("Invalid tile key '{0}' on template '{1}' of tileset '{2}'.".F(node.Key, Id, tileSet.Id));
+					if (!int.TryParse(node.Key, out var key))
+						throw new YamlException("Tileset `{0}` template `{1}` defines a frame `{2}` that is not a valid integer.".F(tileSet.Id, Id, node.Key));
+
+					if (key < 0 || key >= tileInfo.Length)
+						throw new YamlException("Tileset `{0}` template `{1}` references frame {2}, but only [0..{3}] are valid for a {4}x{5} Size template.".F(tileSet.Id, Id, key, tileInfo.Length - 1, Size.X, Size.Y));
 
 					tileInfo[key] = LoadTileInfo(tileSet, node.Value);
 				}
@@ -85,8 +81,11 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				var i = 0;
 				foreach (var node in nodes)
 				{
-					if (!int.TryParse(node.Key, out var key) || key != i++)
-						throw new InvalidDataException("Invalid tile key '{0}' on template '{1}' of tileset '{2}'.".F(node.Key, Id, tileSet.Id));
+					if (!int.TryParse(node.Key, out var key))
+						throw new YamlException("Tileset `{0}` template `{1}` defines a frame `{2}` that is not a valid integer.".F(tileSet.Id, Id, node.Key));
+
+					if (key != i++)
+						throw new YamlException("Tileset `{0}` template `{1}` is missing a definition for frame {2}.".F(tileSet.Id, Id, i - 1));
 
 					tileInfo[key] = LoadTileInfo(tileSet, node.Value);
 				}
@@ -162,14 +161,14 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				.ToArray();
 
 			if (TerrainInfo.Length >= byte.MaxValue)
-				throw new InvalidDataException("Too many terrain types.");
+				throw new YamlException("Too many terrain types.");
 
 			for (byte i = 0; i < TerrainInfo.Length; i++)
 			{
 				var tt = TerrainInfo[i].Type;
 
 				if (terrainIndexByType.ContainsKey(tt))
-					throw new InvalidDataException("Duplicate terrain type '{0}' in '{1}'.".F(tt, filepath));
+					throw new YamlException("Duplicate terrain type '{0}' in '{1}'.".F(tt, filepath));
 
 				terrainIndexByType.Add(tt, i);
 			}
@@ -222,25 +221,30 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 		public byte GetTerrainIndex(TerrainTile r)
 		{
-			if (!Templates.TryGetValue(r.Type, out var tpl))
-				return defaultWalkableTerrainIndex;
-
-			if (tpl.Contains(r.Index))
-			{
-				var tile = tpl[r.Index];
-				if (tile != null && tile.TerrainType != byte.MaxValue)
-					return tile.TerrainType;
-			}
+			var tile = Templates[r.Type][r.Index];
+			if (tile.TerrainType != byte.MaxValue)
+				return tile.TerrainType;
 
 			return defaultWalkableTerrainIndex;
 		}
 
 		public TerrainTileInfo GetTileInfo(TerrainTile r)
 		{
-			if (!Templates.TryGetValue(r.Type, out var tpl))
-				return null;
-
-			return tpl.Contains(r.Index) ? tpl[r.Index] : null;
+			return Templates[r.Type][r.Index];
 		}
+
+		public bool TryGetTileInfo(TerrainTile r, out TerrainTileInfo info)
+		{
+			if (!Templates.TryGetValue(r.Type, out var tpl) || !tpl.Contains(r.Index))
+			{
+				info = null;
+				return false;
+			}
+
+			info = tpl[r.Index];
+			return info != null;
+		}
+
+		public TerrainTile DefaultTerrainTile { get { return new TerrainTile(Templates.First().Key, 0); } }
 	}
 }

OpenRA.Game/MiniYaml.cs

@@ -99,7 +99,10 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 		public MiniYaml Clone()
 		{
-			return new MiniYaml(Value, Nodes.Select(n => n.Clone()).ToList());
+			var clonedNodes = new MiniYamlNodes(Nodes.Count);
+			foreach (var node in Nodes)
+				clonedNodes.Add(node.Clone());
+			return new MiniYaml(Value, clonedNodes);
 		}
 
 		public Dictionary<string, MiniYaml> ToDictionary()
@@ -148,8 +151,11 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			return nd.ContainsKey(s) ? nd[s].Nodes : new List<MiniYamlNode>();
 		}
 
-		static List<MiniYamlNode> FromLines(IEnumerable<string> lines, string filename, bool discardCommentsAndWhitespace)
+		static List<MiniYamlNode> FromLines(IEnumerable<string> lines, string filename, bool discardCommentsAndWhitespace, Dictionary<string, string> stringPool)
 		{
+			if (stringPool == null)
+				stringPool = new Dictionary<string, string>();
+
 			var levels = new List<List<MiniYamlNode>>();
 			levels.Add(new List<MiniYamlNode>());
 
@@ -263,6 +269,10 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 				if (key != null || !discardCommentsAndWhitespace)
 				{
+					key = key == null ? null : stringPool.GetOrAdd(key, key);
+					value = value == null ? null : stringPool.GetOrAdd(value, value);
+					comment = comment == null ? null : stringPool.GetOrAdd(comment, comment);
+
 					var nodes = new List<MiniYamlNode>();
 					levels[level].Add(new MiniYamlNode(key, value, comment, nodes, location));
 
@@ -270,23 +280,33 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				}
 			}
 
+			foreach (var nodes in levels)
+				nodes.TrimExcess();
+
 			return levels[0];
 		}
 
-		public static List<MiniYamlNode> FromFile(string path, bool discardCommentsAndWhitespace = true)
+		public static List<MiniYamlNode> FromFile(string path, bool discardCommentsAndWhitespace = true, Dictionary<string, string> stringPool = null)
 		{
-			return FromLines(File.ReadAllLines(path), path, discardCommentsAndWhitespace);
+			return FromLines(File.ReadAllLines(path), path, discardCommentsAndWhitespace, stringPool);
 		}
 
-		public static List<MiniYamlNode> FromStream(Stream s, string fileName = "<no filename available>", bool discardCommentsAndWhitespace = true)
+		public static List<MiniYamlNode> FromStream(Stream s, string fileName = "<no filename available>", bool discardCommentsAndWhitespace = true, Dictionary<string, string> stringPool = null)
 		{
+			IEnumerable<string> Lines(StreamReader reader)
+			{
+				string line;
+				while ((line = reader.ReadLine()) != null)
+					yield return line;
+			}
+
 			using (var reader = new StreamReader(s))
-				return FromString(reader.ReadToEnd(), fileName, discardCommentsAndWhitespace);
+				return FromLines(Lines(reader), fileName, discardCommentsAndWhitespace, stringPool);
 		}
 
-		public static List<MiniYamlNode> FromString(string text, string fileName = "<no filename available>", bool discardCommentsAndWhitespace = true)
+		public static List<MiniYamlNode> FromString(string text, string fileName = "<no filename available>", bool discardCommentsAndWhitespace = true, Dictionary<string, string> stringPool = null)
 		{
-			return FromLines(text.Split(new[] { "\r\n", "\n" }, StringSplitOptions.None), fileName, discardCommentsAndWhitespace);
+			return FromLines(text.Split(new[] { "\r\n", "\n" }, StringSplitOptions.None), fileName, discardCommentsAndWhitespace, stringPool);
 		}
 
 		public static List<MiniYamlNode> Merge(IEnumerable<List<MiniYamlNode>> sources)
@@ -330,7 +350,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 		static List<MiniYamlNode> ResolveInherits(string key, MiniYaml node, Dictionary<string, MiniYaml> tree, Dictionary<string, MiniYamlNode.SourceLocation> inherited)
 		{
-			var resolved = new List<MiniYamlNode>();
+			var resolved = new List<MiniYamlNode>(node.Nodes.Count);
 
 			// Inheritance is tracked from parent->child, but not from child->parentsiblings.
 			inherited = new Dictionary<string, MiniYamlNode.SourceLocation>(inherited);
@@ -361,6 +381,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 					MergeIntoResolved(n, resolved, tree, inherited);
 			}
 
+			resolved.TrimExcess();
 			return resolved;
 		}
 
@@ -397,6 +418,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				}
 			}
 
+			ret.TrimExcess();
 			return ret;
 		}
 
@@ -437,6 +459,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				ret.Add(merged);
 			}
 
+			ret.TrimExcess();
 			return ret;
 		}
 

OpenRA.Game/ModData.cs

@@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				throw new InvalidOperationException("Unable to find a sequence loader for type '{0}'.".F(sequenceFormat.Type));
 
 			SpriteSequenceLoader = (ISpriteSequenceLoader)sequenceCtor.Invoke(new[] { this });
-			SpriteSequenceLoader.OnMissingSpriteError = s => Log.Write("debug", s);
 
 			var modelFormat = Manifest.Get<ModelSequenceFormat>();
 			var modelLoader = ObjectCreator.FindType(modelFormat.Type + "Loader");
@@ -108,7 +107,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 			defaultSequences = Exts.Lazy(() =>
 			{
-				var items = DefaultTileSets.ToDictionary(t => t.Key, t => new SequenceProvider(DefaultFileSystem, this, t.Value, null));
+				var items = DefaultTileSets.ToDictionary(t => t.Key, t => new SequenceProvider(DefaultFileSystem, this, t.Key, null));
 				return (IReadOnlyDictionary<string, SequenceProvider>)(new ReadOnlyDictionary<string, SequenceProvider>(items));
 			});
 

OpenRA.Game/Network/FrameData.cs

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 			if (lastClientFrame == -1)
 				lastClientFrame = framePackets
 					.Where(x => x.Value.ContainsKey(clientId))
-					.Select(x => x.Key).OrderBy(x => x).LastOrDefault();
+					.Select(x => x.Key).MaxByOrDefault(x => x);
 
 			clientQuitTimes[clientId] = lastClientFrame;
 		}

OpenRA.Game/Network/GameSave.cs

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 
 				LastOrdersFrame = rs.ReadInt32();
 				LastSyncFrame = rs.ReadInt32();
-				lastSyncPacket = rs.ReadBytes(5);
+				lastSyncPacket = rs.ReadBytes(Order.SyncHashOrderLength);
 
 				var globalSettings = MiniYaml.FromString(rs.ReadString(Encoding.UTF8, Connection.MaxOrderLength));
 				GlobalSettings = Session.Global.Deserialize(globalSettings[0].Value);
@@ -190,6 +190,12 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 			// Sync packet - we only care about the last value
 			if (data.Length > 0 && data[0] == (byte)OrderType.SyncHash && frame > LastSyncFrame)
 			{
+				if (data.Length != Order.SyncHashOrderLength)
+				{
+					Log.Write("debug", "Dropped sync order with length {0}. Expected length {1}.".F(data.Length, Order.SyncHashOrderLength));
+					return;
+				}
+
 				LastSyncFrame = frame;
 				lastSyncPacket = data;
 			}
@@ -282,7 +288,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 			file.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(MetadataMarker), 0, 4);
 			file.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(LastOrdersFrame), 0, 4);
 			file.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(LastSyncFrame), 0, 4);
-			file.Write(lastSyncPacket, 0, 5);
+			file.Write(lastSyncPacket, 0, Order.SyncHashOrderLength);
 
 			var globalSettingsNodes = new List<MiniYamlNode>() { GlobalSettings.Serialize() };
 			file.WriteString(Encoding.UTF8, globalSettingsNodes.WriteToString());

OpenRA.Game/Network/GameServer.cs

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 			"Mod", "Version", "ModTitle", "ModWebsite", "ModIcon32",
 
 			// Current server state
-			"Map", "State", "MaxPlayers", "Protected", "Authentication"
+			"Map", "State", "MaxPlayers", "Protected", "Authentication", "DisabledSpawnPoints"
 		};
 
 		public const int ProtocolVersion = 2;
@@ -132,6 +132,9 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 		[FieldLoader.LoadUsing("LoadClients")]
 		public readonly GameClient[] Clients;
 
+		/// <summary>The list of spawnpoints that are disabled for this game</summary>
+		public readonly int[] DisabledSpawnPoints = { };
+
 		public string ModLabel { get { return "{0} ({1})".F(ModTitle, Version); } }
 
 		static object LoadClients(MiniYaml yaml)
@@ -226,6 +229,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 			Protected = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(server.Settings.Password);
 			Authentication = server.Settings.RequireAuthentication || server.Settings.ProfileIDWhitelist.Any();
 			Clients = server.LobbyInfo.Clients.Select(c => new GameClient(c)).ToArray();
+			DisabledSpawnPoints = server.LobbyInfo.DisabledSpawnPoints?.ToArray() ?? Array.Empty<int>();
 		}
 
 		public string ToPOSTData(bool lanGame)

OpenRA.Game/Network/Order.cs

@@ -49,10 +49,13 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 	public sealed class Order
 	{
+		// Length of orders with type OrderType.SyncHash
+		public const int SyncHashOrderLength = 13;
+
 		public readonly string OrderString;
 		public readonly Actor Subject;
 		public readonly bool Queued;
-		public readonly Target Target;
+		public ref readonly Target Target => ref target;
 		public readonly Actor[] GroupedActors;
 
 		public string TargetString;
@@ -63,15 +66,18 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		public OrderType Type = OrderType.Fields;
 
 		public bool SuppressVisualFeedback;
-		public Target VisualFeedbackTarget;
+		public ref readonly Target VisualFeedbackTarget => ref visualFeedbackTarget;
 
 		public Player Player { get { return Subject != null ? Subject.Owner : null; } }
 
-		Order(string orderString, Actor subject, Target target, string targetString, bool queued, Actor[] extraActors, CPos extraLocation, uint extraData, Actor[] groupedActors = null)
+		readonly Target target;
+		readonly Target visualFeedbackTarget;
+
+		Order(string orderString, Actor subject, in Target target, string targetString, bool queued, Actor[] extraActors, CPos extraLocation, uint extraData, Actor[] groupedActors = null)
 		{
 			OrderString = orderString ?? "";
 			Subject = subject;
-			Target = target;
+			this.target = target;
 			TargetString = targetString;
 			Queued = queued;
 			ExtraActors = extraActors;
@@ -275,9 +281,15 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		public Order(string orderString, Actor subject, bool queued, Actor[] extraActors = null, Actor[] groupedActors = null)
 			: this(orderString, subject, Target.Invalid, null, queued, extraActors, CPos.Zero, 0, groupedActors) { }
 
-		public Order(string orderString, Actor subject, Target target, bool queued, Actor[] extraActors = null, Actor[] groupedActors = null)
+		public Order(string orderString, Actor subject, in Target target, bool queued, Actor[] extraActors = null, Actor[] groupedActors = null)
 			: this(orderString, subject, target, null, queued, extraActors, CPos.Zero, 0, groupedActors) { }
 
+		public Order(string orderString, Actor subject, Target target, Target visualFeedbackTarget, bool queued)
+			: this(orderString, subject, target, null, queued, null, CPos.Zero, 0, null)
+		{
+			this.visualFeedbackTarget = visualFeedbackTarget;
+		}
+
 		public byte[] Serialize()
 		{
 			var minLength = 1 + OrderString.Length + 1;

OpenRA.Game/Network/OrderIO.cs

@@ -31,13 +31,14 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 			return ret;
 		}
 
-		public static byte[] SerializeSync(int sync)
+		public static byte[] SerializeSync(int sync, ulong defeatState)
 		{
-			var ms = new MemoryStream(1 + 4);
+			var ms = new MemoryStream(Order.SyncHashOrderLength);
 			using (var writer = new BinaryWriter(ms))
 			{
 				writer.Write((byte)OrderType.SyncHash);
 				writer.Write(sync);
+				writer.Write(defeatState);
 			}
 
 			return ms.GetBuffer();

OpenRA.Game/Network/OrderManager.cs

@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 		internal int GameSaveLastFrame = -1;
 		internal int GameSaveLastSyncFrame = -1;
 
-		List<Order> localOrders = new List<Order>();
-		List<Order> localImmediateOrders = new List<Order>();
+		readonly List<Order> localOrders = new List<Order>();
+		readonly List<Order> localImmediateOrders = new List<Order>();
 
-		List<ChatLine> chatCache = new List<ChatLine>();
+		readonly List<ChatLine> chatCache = new List<ChatLine>();
 
 		public readonly ReadOnlyList<ChatLine> ChatCache;
 
@@ -123,8 +123,16 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 					var frame = BitConverter.ToInt32(packet, 0);
 					if (packet.Length == 5 && packet[4] == (byte)OrderType.Disconnect)
 						frameData.ClientQuit(clientId, frame);
-					else if (packet.Length >= 5 && packet[4] == (byte)OrderType.SyncHash)
+					else if (packet.Length > 4 && packet[4] == (byte)OrderType.SyncHash)
+					{
+						if (packet.Length != 4 + Order.SyncHashOrderLength)
+						{
+							Log.Write("debug", "Dropped sync order with length {0}. Expected length {1}.".F(packet.Length, 4 + Order.SyncHashOrderLength));
+							return;
+						}
+
 						CheckSync(packet);
+					}
 					else if (frame == 0)
 						immediatePackets.Add((clientId, packet));
 					else
@@ -192,9 +200,16 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 				UnitOrders.ProcessOrder(this, World, order.Client, order.Order);
 
 			if (NetFrameNumber + FramesAhead >= GameSaveLastSyncFrame)
-				Connection.SendSync(NetFrameNumber, OrderIO.SerializeSync(World.SyncHash()));
+			{
+				var defeatState = 0UL;
+				for (var i = 0; i < World.Players.Length; i++)
+					if (World.Players[i].WinState == WinState.Lost)
+						defeatState |= 1UL << i;
+
+				Connection.SendSync(NetFrameNumber, OrderIO.SerializeSync(World.SyncHash(), defeatState));
+			}
 			else
-				Connection.SendSync(NetFrameNumber, OrderIO.SerializeSync(0));
+				Connection.SendSync(NetFrameNumber, OrderIO.SerializeSync(0, 0));
 
 			if (generateSyncReport)
 				using (new PerfSample("sync_report"))

OpenRA.Game/Network/ReplayConnection.cs

@@ -55,28 +55,25 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 			using (var rs = File.OpenRead(replayFilename))
 			{
 				var packets = new List<(int ClientId, byte[] Packet)>();
-
 				var chunk = new Chunk();
-
 				while (rs.Position < rs.Length)
 				{
 					var client = rs.ReadInt32();
 					if (client == ReplayMetadata.MetaStartMarker)
 						break;
+
 					var packetLen = rs.ReadInt32();
 					var packet = rs.ReadBytes(packetLen);
 					var frame = BitConverter.ToInt32(packet, 0);
 					packets.Add((client, packet));
 
-					if (frame != int.MaxValue &&
-						(!lastClientsFrame.ContainsKey(client) || frame > lastClientsFrame[client]))
+					if (frame != int.MaxValue && (!lastClientsFrame.ContainsKey(client) || frame > lastClientsFrame[client]))
 						lastClientsFrame[client] = frame;
 
-					if (packet.Length == 5 && packet[4] == (byte)OrderType.Disconnect)
-						continue; // disconnect
-					else if (packet.Length >= 5 && packet[4] == (byte)OrderType.SyncHash)
-						continue; // sync
-					else if (frame == 0)
+					if (packet.Length > 4 && (packet[4] == (byte)OrderType.Disconnect || packet[4] == (byte)OrderType.SyncHash))
+						continue;
+
+					if (frame == 0)
 					{
 						// Parse replay metadata from orders stream
 						var orders = packet.ToOrderList(null);

OpenRA.Game/Network/ReplayRecorder.cs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #endregion
 
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using OpenRA.FileFormats;
@@ -25,9 +26,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 
 		static bool IsGameStart(byte[] data)
 		{
-			if (data.Length == 5 && data[4] == (byte)OrderType.Disconnect)
-				return false;
-			if (data.Length >= 5 && data[4] == (byte)OrderType.SyncHash)
+			if (data.Length > 4 && (data[4] == (byte)OrderType.Disconnect || data[4] == (byte)OrderType.SyncHash))
 				return false;
 
 			var frame = BitConverter.ToInt32(data, 0);
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 		{
 			var filename = chooseFilename();
 			var mod = Game.ModData.Manifest;
-			var dir = Platform.ResolvePath(Platform.SupportDirPrefix, "Replays", mod.Id, mod.Metadata.Version);
+			var dir = Path.Combine(Platform.SupportDir, "Replays", mod.Id, mod.Metadata.Version);
 
 			if (!Directory.Exists(dir))
 				Directory.CreateDirectory(dir);
@@ -85,6 +84,14 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 			writer.Write(data);
 		}
 
+		public void ReceiveFrame(int clientID, int frame, byte[] data)
+		{
+			var ms = new MemoryStream(4 + data.Length);
+			ms.WriteArray(BitConverter.GetBytes(frame));
+			ms.WriteArray(data);
+			Receive(clientID, ms.GetBuffer());
+		}
+
 		bool disposed;
 
 		public void Dispose()

OpenRA.Game/Network/Session.cs

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 		// Keyed by the PlayerReference id that the slot corresponds to
 		public Dictionary<string, Slot> Slots = new Dictionary<string, Slot>();
 
+		public HashSet<int> DisabledSpawnPoints = new HashSet<int>();
+
 		public Global GlobalSettings = new Global();
 
 		public static string AnonymizeIP(IPAddress ip)
@@ -69,6 +71,9 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 							var s = Slot.Deserialize(node.Value);
 							session.Slots.Add(s.PlayerReference, s);
 							break;
+						case "DisabledSpawnPoints":
+							session.DisabledSpawnPoints = FieldLoader.GetValue<HashSet<int>>("DisabledSpawnPoints", node.Value.Value);
+							break;
 					}
 				}
 
@@ -267,7 +272,10 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 
 		public string Serialize()
 		{
-			var sessionData = new List<MiniYamlNode>();
+			var sessionData = new List<MiniYamlNode>()
+			{
+				new MiniYamlNode("DisabledSpawnPoints", FieldSaver.FormatValue(DisabledSpawnPoints))
+			};
 
 			foreach (var client in Clients)
 				sessionData.Add(client.Serialize());

OpenRA.Game/Network/UnitOrders.cs

@@ -27,13 +27,6 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 
 		internal static void ProcessOrder(OrderManager orderManager, World world, int clientId, Order order)
 		{
-			if (world != null)
-			{
-				if (!world.WorldActor.TraitsImplementing<IValidateOrder>().All(vo =>
-					vo.OrderValidation(orderManager, world, clientId, order)))
-					return;
-			}
-
 			switch (order.OrderString)
 			{
 				// Server message
@@ -46,7 +39,13 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 					{
 						var client = orderManager.LobbyInfo.ClientWithIndex(clientId);
 						if (client != null)
+						{
 							client.State = Session.ClientState.Disconnected;
+							var player = world?.FindPlayerByClient(client);
+							if (player != null)
+								world.OnPlayerDisconnected(player);
+						}
+
 						break;
 					}
 
@@ -302,10 +301,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 						{
 							var strings = node.Key.Split('@');
 							if (strings[0] == "GlobalSettings")
-							{
 								orderManager.LobbyInfo.GlobalSettings = Session.Global.Deserialize(node.Value);
-								orderManager.IssueOrder(Order.Command("state {0}".F(Session.ClientState.NotReady)));
-							}
 						}
 
 						SetOrderLag(orderManager);
@@ -336,22 +332,27 @@ namespace OpenRA.Network
 
 				default:
 					{
+						if (world == null)
+							break;
+
 						if (order.GroupedActors == null)
-							ResolveOrder(order);
+							ResolveOrder(order, world, orderManager, clientId);
 						else
 							foreach (var subject in order.GroupedActors)
-								ResolveOrder(Order.FromGroupedOrder(order, subject));
+								ResolveOrder(Order.FromGroupedOrder(order, subject), world, orderManager, clientId);
 
 						break;
 					}
 			}
 		}
 
-		static void ResolveOrder(Order order)
+		static void ResolveOrder(Order order, World world, OrderManager orderManager, int clientId)
 		{
-			if (order.Subject != null && !order.Subject.IsDead)
-				foreach (var t in order.Subject.TraitsImplementing<IResolveOrder>())
-					t.ResolveOrder(order.Subject, order);
+			if (order.Subject == null || order.Subject.IsDead)
+				return;
+
+			if (world.OrderValidators.All(vo => vo.OrderValidation(orderManager, world, clientId, order)))
+				order.Subject.ResolveOrder(order);
 		}
 
 		static void SetOrderLag(OrderManager o)

OpenRA.Game/ObjectCreator.cs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Reflection;
 using OpenRA.Primitives;
+using OpenRA.Support;
 
 namespace OpenRA
 {
@@ -41,26 +42,49 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				var resolvedPath = FileSystem.FileSystem.ResolveAssemblyPath(path, manifest, mods);
 				if (resolvedPath == null)
 					throw new FileNotFoundException("Assembly `{0}` not found.".F(path));
+#if !MONO
+				var loader = new AssemblyLoader(resolvedPath);
+				var platformType = loader.LoadDefaultAssembly();
+				assemblyList.Add(platformType);
 
-				// .NET doesn't provide any way of querying the metadata of an assembly without either:
-				//   (a) loading duplicate data into the application domain, breaking the world.
-				//   (b) crashing if the assembly has already been loaded.
-				// We can't check the internal name of the assembly, so we'll work off the data instead
-				var hash = CryptoUtil.SHA1Hash(File.ReadAllBytes(resolvedPath));
-
-				if (!ResolvedAssemblies.TryGetValue(hash, out var assembly))
-				{
-					assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(resolvedPath);
-					ResolvedAssemblies.Add(hash, assembly);
-				}
-
-				assemblyList.Add(assembly);
+#else
+				LoadAssembly(assemblyList, resolvedPath);
+#endif
 			}
 
 			AppDomain.CurrentDomain.AssemblyResolve += ResolveAssembly;
 			assemblies = assemblyList.SelectMany(asm => asm.GetNamespaces().Select(ns => (asm, ns))).ToArray();
 		}
 
+		void LoadAssembly(List<Assembly> assemblyList, string resolvedPath)
+		{
+			// .NET doesn't provide any way of querying the metadata of an assembly without either:
+			//   (a) loading duplicate data into the application domain, breaking the world.
+			//   (b) crashing if the assembly has already been loaded.
+			// We can't check the internal name of the assembly, so we'll work off the data instead
+			var hash = CryptoUtil.SHA1Hash(File.ReadAllBytes(resolvedPath));
+
+			if (!ResolvedAssemblies.TryGetValue(hash, out var assembly))
+			{
+				assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(resolvedPath);
+				ResolvedAssemblies.Add(hash, assembly);
+
+				// Allow mods to use libraries.
+				var assemblyPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(resolvedPath);
+				if (assemblyPath != null)
+				{
+					foreach (var referencedAssembly in assembly.GetReferencedAssemblies())
+					{
+						var depedencyPath = Path.Combine(assemblyPath, referencedAssembly.Name + ".dll");
+						if (File.Exists(depedencyPath))
+							LoadAssembly(assemblyList, depedencyPath);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			assemblyList.Add(assembly);
+		}
+
 		Assembly ResolveAssembly(object sender, ResolveEventArgs e)
 		{
 			foreach (var a in AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies())

OpenRA.Game/OpenRA.Game.csproj

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
-    <TargetFramework>net472</TargetFramework>
+    <OutputType>Library</OutputType>
+    <TargetFramework>netstandard2.1</TargetFramework>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
     <Optimize>true</Optimize>
     <UseVSHostingProcess>false</UseVSHostingProcess>
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
     <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
     <AutoGenerateBindingRedirects>false</AutoGenerateBindingRedirects>
     <RootNamespace>OpenRA</RootNamespace>
-    <OutputPath>..</OutputPath>
+    <OutputPath>../bin</OutputPath>
     <AppendTargetFrameworkToOutputPath>false</AppendTargetFrameworkToOutputPath>
     <PlatformTarget>AnyCPU</PlatformTarget>
     <ExternalConsole>false</ExternalConsole>
@@ -31,34 +31,18 @@
     <DefineConstants>DEBUG;TRACE</DefineConstants>
     <Optimize>false</Optimize>
   </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(TargetPlatform)' == 'win-x86'">
-    <Prefer32bit>true</Prefer32bit>
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(RunConfiguration)' == 'Red Alert'">
-    <StartAction>Project</StartAction>
-    <StartArguments>Game.Mod=ra</StartArguments>
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(RunConfiguration)' == 'Dune 2000'">
-    <StartAction>Project</StartAction>
-    <StartArguments>Game.Mod=d2k</StartArguments>
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(RunConfiguration)' == 'Tiberian Dawn'">
-    <StartAction>Project</StartAction>
-    <StartArguments>Game.Mod=cnc</StartArguments>
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(RunConfiguration)' == 'Tiberian Sun'">
-    <StartAction>Project</StartAction>
-    <StartArguments>Game.Mod=ts</StartArguments>
-  </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
-    <None Include="App.config" />
     <PackageReference Include="OpenRA-Eluant" Version="1.0.17" />
     <PackageReference Include="OpenRA-Open.NAT" Version="1.0.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="SharpZipLib" Version="1.2.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="StyleCop.Analyzers" Version="1.1.118" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NETFramework.ReferenceAssemblies" Version="1.0.0" PrivateAssets="All" />
     <AdditionalFiles Include="../stylecop.json" />
-    <AdditionalFiles Include="Properties/launchSettings.json" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup Condition="'$(Mono)' == ''">
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.DotNet.PlatformAbstractions" Version="3.1.6" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyModel" Version="5.0.0-preview.3-runtime.20214.6" />
+    <PackageReference Include="System.Runtime.Loader" Version="4.3.0" />
   </ItemGroup>
   <Target Name="DisableAnalyzers" BeforeTargets="CoreCompile" Condition="'$(Configuration)'=='Release'">
     <!-- Disable code style analysis on Release builds to improve compile-time performance -->

OpenRA.Game/Orders/UnitOrderGenerator.cs

@@ -196,15 +196,17 @@ namespace OpenRA.Orders
 			public readonly IOrderTargeter Order;
 			public readonly IIssueOrder Trait;
 			public readonly string Cursor;
-			public readonly Target Target;
+			public ref readonly Target Target => ref target;
 
-			public UnitOrderResult(Actor actor, IOrderTargeter order, IIssueOrder trait, string cursor, Target target)
+			readonly Target target;
+
+			public UnitOrderResult(Actor actor, IOrderTargeter order, IIssueOrder trait, string cursor, in Target target)
 			{
 				Actor = actor;
 				Order = order;
 				Trait = trait;
 				Cursor = cursor;
-				Target = target;
+				this.target = target;
 			}
 		}
 

OpenRA.Game/Platform.cs

@@ -22,12 +22,14 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 	public static class Platform
 	{
-		public const string SupportDirPrefix = "^";
 		public static PlatformType CurrentPlatform { get { return currentPlatform.Value; } }
 		public static readonly Guid SessionGUID = Guid.NewGuid();
 
 		static Lazy<PlatformType> currentPlatform = Exts.Lazy(GetCurrentPlatform);
 
+		static bool engineDirAccessed;
+		static string engineDir;
+
 		static bool supportDirInitialized;
 		static string systemSupportPath;
 		static string legacyUserSupportPath;
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			}
 
 			// Use a local directory in the game root if it exists (shared with the system support dir)
-			var localSupportDir = Path.Combine(GameDir, "Support");
+			var localSupportDir = Path.Combine(EngineDir, "Support");
 			if (Directory.Exists(localSupportDir))
 				userSupportPath = systemSupportPath = localSupportDir + Path.DirectorySeparatorChar;
 
@@ -170,7 +172,45 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			userSupportPath = path;
 		}
 
-		public static string GameDir
+		public static string EngineDir
+		{
+			get
+			{
+				// Engine directory defaults to the location of the binaries,
+				// unless OverrideGameDir is called during startup.
+				if (!engineDirAccessed)
+					engineDir = BinDir;
+
+				engineDirAccessed = true;
+				return engineDir;
+			}
+		}
+
+		/// <summary>
+		/// Specify a custom engine directory that already exists on the filesystem.
+		/// Cannot be called after Platform.EngineDir has been accessed.
+		/// </summary>
+		public static void OverrideEngineDir(string path)
+		{
+			if (engineDirAccessed)
+				throw new InvalidOperationException("Attempted to override engine directory after it has already been accessed.");
+
+			// Note: Relative paths are interpreted as being relative to BinDir, not the current working dir.
+			if (!Path.IsPathRooted(path))
+				path = Path.Combine(BinDir, path);
+
+			if (!Directory.Exists(path))
+				throw new DirectoryNotFoundException(path);
+
+			if (!path.EndsWith(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar.ToString(), StringComparison.Ordinal) &&
+			    !path.EndsWith(Path.AltDirectorySeparatorChar.ToString(), StringComparison.Ordinal))
+				path += Path.DirectorySeparatorChar;
+
+			engineDirAccessed = true;
+			engineDir = path;
+		}
+
+		public static string BinDir
 		{
 			get
 			{
@@ -189,50 +229,25 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		{
 			path = path.TrimEnd(' ', '\t');
 
-			// Paths starting with ^ are relative to the support dir
-			if (IsPathRelativeToSupportDirectory(path))
-				path = SupportDir + path.Substring(1);
+			if (path == "^SupportDir")
+				return SupportDir;
 
-			// Paths starting with . are relative to the game dir
-			if (path == ".")
-				return GameDir;
+			if (path == "^EngineDir")
+				return EngineDir;
 
-			if (path.StartsWith("./", StringComparison.Ordinal) || path.StartsWith(".\\", StringComparison.Ordinal))
-				path = GameDir + path.Substring(2);
+			if (path == "^BinDir")
+				return BinDir;
+
+			if (path.StartsWith("^SupportDir|", StringComparison.Ordinal))
+				path = SupportDir + path.Substring(12);
+
+			if (path.StartsWith("^EngineDir|", StringComparison.Ordinal))
+				path = EngineDir + path.Substring(11);
+
+			if (path.StartsWith("^BinDir|", StringComparison.Ordinal))
+				path = BinDir + path.Substring(8);
 
 			return path;
 		}
-
-		/// <summary>Replace special character prefixes with full paths.</summary>
-		public static string ResolvePath(params string[] path)
-		{
-			return ResolvePath(Path.Combine(path));
-		}
-
-		/// <summary>
-		/// Replace the full path prefix with the special notation characters ^ or .
-		/// and transforms \ path separators to / on Windows
-		/// </summary>
-		public static string UnresolvePath(string path)
-		{
-			// Use a case insensitive comparison on windows to avoid problems
-			// with inconsistent drive letter case
-			var compare = CurrentPlatform == PlatformType.Windows ? StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase : StringComparison.Ordinal;
-			if (path.StartsWith(SupportDir, compare))
-				path = SupportDirPrefix + path.Substring(SupportDir.Length);
-
-			if (path.StartsWith(GameDir, compare))
-				path = "./" + path.Substring(GameDir.Length);
-
-			if (CurrentPlatform == PlatformType.Windows)
-				path = path.Replace('\\', '/');
-
-			return path;
-		}
-
-		public static bool IsPathRelativeToSupportDirectory(string path)
-		{
-			return path.StartsWith(SupportDirPrefix, StringComparison.Ordinal);
-		}
 	}
 }

OpenRA.Game/Player.cs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ using Eluant.ObjectBinding;
 using OpenRA.Network;
 using OpenRA.Primitives;
 using OpenRA.Scripting;
+using OpenRA.Support;
 using OpenRA.Traits;
 using OpenRA.Widgets;
 
@@ -56,23 +57,38 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		public readonly bool NonCombatant = false;
 		public readonly bool Playable = true;
 		public readonly int ClientIndex;
+		public readonly CPos HomeLocation;
 		public readonly PlayerReference PlayerReference;
 		public readonly bool IsBot;
 		public readonly string BotType;
 		public readonly Shroud Shroud;
 		public readonly FrozenActorLayer FrozenActorLayer;
 
-		/// <summary>The faction (including Random, etc) that was selected in the lobby.</summary>
+		/// <summary>The faction (including Random, etc.) that was selected in the lobby.</summary>
 		public readonly FactionInfo DisplayFaction;
 
+		/// <summary>The spawn point index that was assigned for client-based players.</summary>
+		public readonly int SpawnPoint;
+
+		/// <summary>The spawn point index (including 0 for Random) that was selected in the lobby for client-based players.</summary>
+		public readonly int DisplaySpawnPoint;
+
 		public WinState WinState = WinState.Undefined;
-		public int SpawnPoint;
 		public bool HasObjectives = false;
-		public bool Spectating;
+
+		public bool Spectating
+		{
+			get
+			{
+				// Players in mission maps must not leave the player view
+				return !inMissionMap && (spectating || WinState != WinState.Undefined);
+			}
+		}
 
 		public World World { get; private set; }
 
 		readonly bool inMissionMap;
+		readonly bool spectating;
 		readonly IUnlocksRenderPlayer[] unlockRenderPlayer;
 
 		// Each player is identified with a unique bit in the set
@@ -94,19 +110,19 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 		readonly StanceColors stanceColors;
 
-		static FactionInfo ChooseFaction(World world, string name, bool requireSelectable = true)
+		public static FactionInfo ResolveFaction(string factionName, IEnumerable<FactionInfo> factionInfos, MersenneTwister playerRandom, bool requireSelectable = true)
 		{
-			var selectableFactions = world.Map.Rules.Actors["world"].TraitInfos<FactionInfo>()
+			var selectableFactions = factionInfos
 				.Where(f => !requireSelectable || f.Selectable)
 				.ToList();
 
-			var selected = selectableFactions.FirstOrDefault(f => f.InternalName == name)
-				?? selectableFactions.Random(world.SharedRandom);
+			var selected = selectableFactions.FirstOrDefault(f => f.InternalName == factionName)
+				?? selectableFactions.Random(playerRandom);
 
 			// Don't loop infinite
 			for (var i = 0; i <= 10 && selected.RandomFactionMembers.Any(); i++)
 			{
-				var faction = selected.RandomFactionMembers.Random(world.SharedRandom);
+				var faction = selected.RandomFactionMembers.Random(playerRandom);
 				selected = selectableFactions.FirstOrDefault(f => f.InternalName == faction);
 
 				if (selected == null)
@@ -116,14 +132,32 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			return selected;
 		}
 
-		static FactionInfo ChooseDisplayFaction(World world, string factionName)
+		static FactionInfo ResolveFaction(World world, string factionName, MersenneTwister playerRandom, bool requireSelectable)
+		{
+			var factionInfos = world.Map.Rules.Actors["world"].TraitInfos<FactionInfo>();
+			return ResolveFaction(factionName, factionInfos, playerRandom, requireSelectable);
+		}
+
+		static FactionInfo ResolveDisplayFaction(World world, string factionName)
 		{
 			var factions = world.Map.Rules.Actors["world"].TraitInfos<FactionInfo>().ToArray();
 
 			return factions.FirstOrDefault(f => f.InternalName == factionName) ?? factions.First();
 		}
 
-		public Player(World world, Session.Client client, PlayerReference pr)
+		public static string ResolvePlayerName(Session.Client client, IEnumerable<Session.Client> clients, IEnumerable<IBotInfo> botInfos)
+		{
+			if (client.Bot != null)
+			{
+				var botInfo = botInfos.First(b => b.Type == client.Bot);
+				var botsOfSameType = clients.Where(c => c.Bot == client.Bot).ToArray();
+				return botsOfSameType.Length == 1 ? botInfo.Name : "{0} {1}".F(botInfo.Name, botsOfSameType.IndexOf(client) + 1);
+			}
+
+			return client.Name;
+		}
+
+		public Player(World world, Session.Client client, PlayerReference pr, MersenneTwister playerRandom)
 		{
 			World = world;
 			InternalName = pr.Name;
@@ -136,18 +170,16 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			{
 				ClientIndex = client.Index;
 				Color = client.Color;
-				if (client.Bot != null)
-				{
-					var botInfo = world.Map.Rules.Actors["player"].TraitInfos<IBotInfo>().First(b => b.Type == client.Bot);
-					var botsOfSameType = world.LobbyInfo.Clients.Where(c => c.Bot == client.Bot).ToArray();
-					PlayerName = botsOfSameType.Length == 1 ? botInfo.Name : "{0} {1}".F(botInfo.Name, botsOfSameType.IndexOf(client) + 1);
-				}
-				else
-					PlayerName = client.Name;
+				PlayerName = ResolvePlayerName(client, world.LobbyInfo.Clients, world.Map.Rules.Actors["player"].TraitInfos<IBotInfo>());
 
 				BotType = client.Bot;
-				Faction = ChooseFaction(world, client.Faction, !pr.LockFaction);
-				DisplayFaction = ChooseDisplayFaction(world, client.Faction);
+				Faction = ResolveFaction(world, client.Faction, playerRandom, !pr.LockFaction);
+				DisplayFaction = ResolveDisplayFaction(world, client.Faction);
+
+				var assignSpawnPoints = world.WorldActor.TraitOrDefault<IAssignSpawnPoints>();
+				HomeLocation = assignSpawnPoints?.AssignHomeLocation(world, client, playerRandom) ?? pr.HomeLocation;
+				SpawnPoint = assignSpawnPoints?.SpawnPointForPlayer(this) ?? client.SpawnPoint;
+				DisplaySpawnPoint = client.SpawnPoint;
 			}
 			else
 			{
@@ -157,13 +189,15 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				PlayerName = pr.Name;
 				NonCombatant = pr.NonCombatant;
 				Playable = pr.Playable;
-				Spectating = pr.Spectating;
+				spectating = pr.Spectating;
 				BotType = pr.Bot;
-				Faction = ChooseFaction(world, pr.Faction, false);
-				DisplayFaction = ChooseDisplayFaction(world, pr.Faction);
+				Faction = ResolveFaction(world, pr.Faction, playerRandom, false);
+				DisplayFaction = ResolveDisplayFaction(world, pr.Faction);
+				HomeLocation = pr.HomeLocation;
+				SpawnPoint = DisplaySpawnPoint = 0;
 			}
 
-			if (!Spectating)
+			if (!spectating)
 				PlayerMask = new LongBitSet<PlayerBitMask>(InternalName);
 
 			// Set this property before running any Created callbacks on the player actor
@@ -204,11 +238,27 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			return "{0} ({1})".F(PlayerName, ClientIndex);
 		}
 
-		public Dictionary<Player, Stance> Stances = new Dictionary<Player, Stance>();
+		public PlayerRelationship RelationshipWith(Player other)
+		{
+			if (this == other)
+				return PlayerRelationship.Ally;
+
+			// Observers are considered allies to active combatants
+			if (other == null || other.Spectating)
+				return NonCombatant ? PlayerRelationship.Neutral : PlayerRelationship.Ally;
+
+			if (AlliedPlayersMask.Overlaps(other.PlayerMask))
+				return PlayerRelationship.Ally;
+
+			if (EnemyPlayersMask.Overlaps(other.PlayerMask))
+				return PlayerRelationship.Enemy;
+
+			return PlayerRelationship.Neutral;
+		}
+
 		public bool IsAlliedWith(Player p)
 		{
-			// Observers are considered allies to active combatants
-			return p == null || Stances[p] == Stance.Ally || (p.Spectating && !NonCombatant);
+			return RelationshipWith(p) == PlayerRelationship.Ally;
 		}
 
 		public Color PlayerStanceColor(Actor a)

OpenRA.Game/Primitives/LongBitSet.cs

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Primitives
 	static class LongBitSetAllocator<T> where T : class
 	{
 		static readonly Cache<string, long> Bits = new Cache<string, long>(Allocate);
+		static long allBits = 1;
 		static long nextBits = 1;
 
 		static long Allocate(string value)
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Primitives
 			lock (Bits)
 			{
 				var bits = nextBits;
+				allBits |= bits;
 				nextBits <<= 1;
 
 				if (nextBits == 0)
@@ -85,6 +87,8 @@ namespace OpenRA.Primitives
 				nextBits = 1;
 			}
 		}
+
+		public static long Mask { get { return allBits; } }
 	}
 
 	// Opitmized BitSet to be used only when guaranteed to be no more than 64 values.
@@ -114,6 +118,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Primitives
 
 		public static bool operator ==(LongBitSet<T> me, LongBitSet<T> other) { return me.bits == other.bits; }
 		public static bool operator !=(LongBitSet<T> me, LongBitSet<T> other) { return !(me == other); }
+		public static LongBitSet<T> operator ~(LongBitSet<T> me) { return new LongBitSet<T>(me.bits ^ LongBitSetAllocator<T>.Mask); }
 
 		public bool Equals(LongBitSet<T> other) { return other == this; }
 		public override bool Equals(object obj) { return obj is LongBitSet<T> && Equals((LongBitSet<T>)obj); }

OpenRA.Game/Primitives/MergedStream.cs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
  */
 #endregion
 
+using System;
 using System.IO;
 
 namespace OpenRA.Primitives
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Primitives
 		public Stream Stream1 { get; set; }
 		public Stream Stream2 { get; set; }
 
-		long VirtualLength { get; set; }
+		long VirtualLength { get; }
 		long position;
 
 		public MergedStream(Stream stream1, Stream stream2)
@@ -61,7 +62,21 @@ namespace OpenRA.Primitives
 
 		public override void SetLength(long value)
 		{
-			VirtualLength = value;
+			throw new NotSupportedException();
+		}
+
+		public override int ReadByte()
+		{
+			int value;
+
+			if (position >= Stream1.Length)
+				value = Stream2.ReadByte();
+			else
+				value = Stream1.ReadByte();
+
+			position++;
+
+			return value;
 		}
 
 		public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
@@ -83,12 +98,14 @@ namespace OpenRA.Primitives
 			return bytesRead;
 		}
 
+		public override void WriteByte(byte value)
+		{
+			throw new NotSupportedException();
+		}
+
 		public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
 		{
-			if (position >= Stream1.Length)
-				Stream2.Write(buffer, offset - (int)Stream1.Length, count);
-			else
-				Stream1.Write(buffer, offset, count);
+			throw new NotSupportedException();
 		}
 
 		public override bool CanRead
@@ -103,7 +120,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Primitives
 
 		public override bool CanWrite
 		{
-			get { return Stream1.CanWrite && Stream2.CanWrite; }
+			get { return false; }
 		}
 
 		public override long Length

OpenRA.Game/Primitives/ReadOnlyAdapterStream.cs

@@ -48,9 +48,25 @@ namespace OpenRA.Primitives
 
 		public sealed override long Seek(long offset, SeekOrigin origin) { throw new NotSupportedException(); }
 		public sealed override void SetLength(long value) { throw new NotSupportedException(); }
+		public sealed override void WriteByte(byte value) { throw new NotSupportedException(); }
 		public sealed override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { throw new NotSupportedException(); }
 		public sealed override void Flush() { throw new NotSupportedException(); }
 
+		public sealed override int ReadByte()
+		{
+			if (data.Count > 0)
+				return data.Dequeue();
+
+			while (!baseStreamEmpty)
+			{
+				baseStreamEmpty = BufferData(baseStream, data);
+				if (data.Count > 0)
+					return data.Dequeue();
+			}
+
+			return -1;
+		}
+
 		public sealed override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
 		{
 			var copied = 0;
@@ -66,7 +82,8 @@ namespace OpenRA.Primitives
 		}
 
 		/// <summary>
-		/// Reads data into a buffer, which will be used to satisfy <see cref="Read(byte[], int, int)"/> calls.
+		/// Reads data into a buffer, which will be used to satisfy <see cref="ReadByte()"/> and
+		/// <see cref="Read(byte[], int, int)"/> calls.
 		/// </summary>
 		/// <param name="baseStream">The source stream from which bytes should be read.</param>
 		/// <param name="data">The queue where bytes should be enqueued. Do not dequeue from this buffer.</param>

OpenRA.Game/Primitives/SegmentStream.cs

@@ -59,8 +59,35 @@ namespace OpenRA.Primitives
 			set { BaseStream.Position = BaseOffset + value; }
 		}
 
-		public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { return BaseStream.Read(buffer, offset, count); }
-		public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { BaseStream.Write(buffer, offset, count); }
+		public override int ReadByte()
+		{
+			if (Position < Length)
+				return BaseStream.ReadByte();
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		public override int Read(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
+		{
+			var remaining = Length - Position;
+			if (remaining <= 0)
+				return 0;
+			return BaseStream.Read(buffer, offset, (int)Math.Min(remaining, count));
+		}
+
+		public override void WriteByte(byte value)
+		{
+			if (Position < Length)
+				BaseStream.WriteByte(value);
+			throw new IOException("Attempted to write past the end of the stream.");
+		}
+
+		public override void Write(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count)
+		{
+			if (Position + count >= Length)
+				throw new IOException("Attempted to write past the end of the stream.");
+			BaseStream.Write(buffer, offset, count);
+		}
+
 		public override void Flush() { BaseStream.Flush(); }
 		public override long Seek(long offset, SeekOrigin origin)
 		{

OpenRA.Game/Primitives/float3.cs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 {
 	[SuppressMessage("StyleCop.CSharp.NamingRules", "SA1300:ElementMustBeginWithUpperCaseLetter", Justification = "Mimic a built-in type alias.")]
 	[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
-	public struct float3 : IEquatable<float3>
+	public readonly struct float3 : IEquatable<float3>
 	{
 		public readonly float X, Y, Z;
 		public float2 XY { get { return new float2(X, Y); } }
@@ -28,13 +28,13 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		public static implicit operator float3(int2 src) { return new float3(src.X, src.Y, 0); }
 		public static implicit operator float3(float2 src) { return new float3(src.X, src.Y, 0); }
 
-		public static float3 operator +(float3 a, float3 b) { return new float3(a.X + b.X, a.Y + b.Y, a.Z + b.Z); }
-		public static float3 operator -(float3 a, float3 b) { return new float3(a.X - b.X, a.Y - b.Y, a.Z - b.Z); }
-		public static float3 operator -(float3 a) { return new float3(-a.X, -a.Y, -a.Z); }
-		public static float3 operator *(float3 a, float3 b) { return new float3(a.X * b.X, a.Y * b.Y, a.Z * b.Z); }
-		public static float3 operator *(float a, float3 b) { return new float3(a * b.X, a * b.Y, a * b.Z); }
-		public static float3 operator /(float3 a, float3 b) { return new float3(a.X / b.X, a.Y / b.Y, a.Z / b.Z); }
-		public static float3 operator /(float3 a, float b) { return new float3(a.X / b, a.Y / b, a.Z / b); }
+		public static float3 operator +(in float3 a, in float3 b) { return new float3(a.X + b.X, a.Y + b.Y, a.Z + b.Z); }
+		public static float3 operator -(in float3 a, in float3 b) { return new float3(a.X - b.X, a.Y - b.Y, a.Z - b.Z); }
+		public static float3 operator -(in float3 a) { return new float3(-a.X, -a.Y, -a.Z); }
+		public static float3 operator *(in float3 a, in float3 b) { return new float3(a.X * b.X, a.Y * b.Y, a.Z * b.Z); }
+		public static float3 operator *(float a, in float3 b) { return new float3(a * b.X, a * b.Y, a * b.Z); }
+		public static float3 operator /(in float3 a, in float3 b) { return new float3(a.X / b.X, a.Y / b.Y, a.Z / b.Z); }
+		public static float3 operator /(in float3 a, float b) { return new float3(a.X / b, a.Y / b, a.Z / b); }
 
 		public static float3 Lerp(float3 a, float3 b, float t)
 		{
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				float2.Lerp(a.Z, b.Z, t));
 		}
 
-		public static bool operator ==(float3 me, float3 other) { return me.X == other.X && me.Y == other.Y && me.Z == other.Z; }
-		public static bool operator !=(float3 me, float3 other) { return !(me == other); }
+		public static bool operator ==(in float3 me, in float3 other) { return me.X == other.X && me.Y == other.Y && me.Z == other.Z; }
+		public static bool operator !=(in float3 me, in float3 other) { return !(me == other); }
 		public override int GetHashCode() { return X.GetHashCode() ^ Y.GetHashCode() ^ Z.GetHashCode(); }
 
 		public bool Equals(float3 other)

OpenRA.Game/Renderer.cs

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 			Window = platform.CreateWindow(new Size(resolution.Width, resolution.Height),
 				graphicSettings.Mode, graphicSettings.UIScale, graphicSettings.BatchSize,
-				graphicSettings.VideoDisplay, graphicSettings.GLProfile);
+				graphicSettings.VideoDisplay, graphicSettings.GLProfile, !graphicSettings.DisableLegacyGL);
 
 			Context = Window.Context;
 

OpenRA.Game/Scripting/ScriptContext.cs

@@ -161,8 +161,8 @@ namespace OpenRA.Scripting
 				.ToArray();
 			PlayerCommands = FilterCommands(world.Map.Rules.Actors["player"], knownPlayerCommands);
 
-			runtime.Globals["GameDir"] = Platform.GameDir;
-			runtime.DoBuffer(File.Open(Platform.ResolvePath(".", "lua", "scriptwrapper.lua"), FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read).ReadAllText(), "scriptwrapper.lua").Dispose();
+			runtime.Globals["EngineDir"] = Platform.EngineDir;
+			runtime.DoBuffer(File.Open(Path.Combine(Platform.EngineDir, "lua", "scriptwrapper.lua"), FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read).ReadAllText(), "scriptwrapper.lua").Dispose();
 			tick = (LuaFunction)runtime.Globals["Tick"];
 
 			// Register globals

OpenRA.Game/Scripting/ScriptMemberWrapper.cs

@@ -86,9 +86,11 @@ namespace OpenRA.Scripting
 				{
 					foreach (var arg in clrArgs)
 					{
-						if (!(arg is LuaValue[]))
+						var table = arg as LuaValue[];
+						if (table == null)
 							continue;
-						foreach (var value in (LuaValue[])arg)
+
+						foreach (var value in table)
 							value.Dispose();
 					}
 				}

OpenRA.Game/SelectableExts.cs

@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 			if (a.Owner == viewer || viewer == null)
 				return basePriority;
 
-			switch (viewer.Stances[a.Owner])
+			switch (viewer.RelationshipWith(a.Owner))
 			{
-				case Stance.Ally: return basePriority - PriorityRange;
-				case Stance.Neutral: return basePriority - 2 * PriorityRange;
-				case Stance.Enemy: return basePriority - 3 * PriorityRange;
+				case PlayerRelationship.Ally: return basePriority - PriorityRange;
+				case PlayerRelationship.Neutral: return basePriority - 2 * PriorityRange;
+				case PlayerRelationship.Enemy: return basePriority - 3 * PriorityRange;
 
 				default:
 					throw new InvalidOperationException();

OpenRA.Game/Server/ProtocolVersion.cs

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ namespace OpenRA.Server
 		// Order types are:
 		// - 0x65: World sync hash:
 		//   - Int32 containing the sync hash value
+		//   - UInt64 containing the current defeat state (a bit set
+		//     to 1 means the corresponding player is defeated)
 		// - 0xBF: Player disconnected
 		// - 0xFE: Handshake (also used for ServerOrders for ProtocolVersion.Orders < 8)
 		//   - Length-prefixed string specifying a name or key
@@ -66,6 +68,6 @@ namespace OpenRA.Server
 		// The protocol for server and world orders
 		// This applies after the handshake has completed, and is provided to support
 		// alternative server implementations that wish to support multiple versions in parallel
-		public const int Orders = 10;
+		public const int Orders = 11;
 	}
 }

OpenRA.Game/Settings.cs

@@ -88,6 +88,9 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		[Desc("Allow clients to see the country of other clients.")]
 		public bool EnableGeoIP = true;
 
+		[Desc("For dedicated servers only, save replays for all games played.")]
+		public bool RecordReplays = false;
+
 		public ServerSettings Clone()
 		{
 			return (ServerSettings)MemberwiseClone();
@@ -172,14 +175,18 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		[Desc("Disable operating-system provided cursor rendering.")]
 		public bool DisableHardwareCursors = false;
 
+		[Desc("Disable legacy OpenGL 2.1 support.")]
+		public bool DisableLegacyGL = true;
+
 		[Desc("Display index to use in a multi-monitor fullscreen setup.")]
 		public int VideoDisplay = 0;
 
 		[Desc("Preferred OpenGL profile to use.",
 			"Modern: OpenGL Core Profile 3.2 or greater.",
 			"Embedded: OpenGL ES 3.0 or greater.",
-			"Legacy: OpenGL 2.1 with framebuffer_object extension.")]
-		public GLProfile GLProfile = GLProfile.Modern;
+			"Legacy: OpenGL 2.1 with framebuffer_object extension (requires DisableLegacyGL: False)",
+			"Automatic: Use the first supported profile.")]
+		public GLProfile GLProfile = GLProfile.Automatic;
 
 		public int BatchSize = 8192;
 		public int SheetSize = 2048;

OpenRA.Game/StreamExts.cs

@@ -61,22 +61,22 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 		public static ushort ReadUInt16(this Stream s)
 		{
-			return BitConverter.ToUInt16(s.ReadBytes(2), 0);
+			return (ushort)(s.ReadUInt8() | s.ReadUInt8() << 8);
 		}
 
 		public static short ReadInt16(this Stream s)
 		{
-			return BitConverter.ToInt16(s.ReadBytes(2), 0);
+			return (short)(s.ReadUInt8() | s.ReadUInt8() << 8);
 		}
 
 		public static uint ReadUInt32(this Stream s)
 		{
-			return BitConverter.ToUInt32(s.ReadBytes(4), 0);
+			return (uint)(s.ReadUInt8() | s.ReadUInt8() << 8 | s.ReadUInt8() << 16 | s.ReadUInt8() << 24);
 		}
 
 		public static int ReadInt32(this Stream s)
 		{
-			return BitConverter.ToInt32(s.ReadBytes(4), 0);
+			return s.ReadUInt8() | s.ReadUInt8() << 8 | s.ReadUInt8() << 16 | s.ReadUInt8() << 24;
 		}
 
 		public static void Write(this Stream s, int value)

OpenRA.Game/Support/AssemblyLoader.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+#region Copyright & License Information
+/*
+ * Copyright 2007-2020 The OpenRA Developers (see AUTHORS)
+ * This file is part of OpenRA, which is free software. It is made
+ * available to you under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of
+ * the License, or (at your option) any later version. For more
+ * information, see COPYING.
+ */
+#endregion
+
+// Not used/usable on Mono. Only used for Dotnet Core. Based on https://github.com/natemcmaster/DotNetCorePlugins
+#if !MONO
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Reflection;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Runtime.Loader;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyModel;
+
+namespace OpenRA.Support
+{
+	public class AssemblyLoader
+	{
+		readonly string mainAssembly;
+		readonly AssemblyLoadContext context;
+
+		public Assembly LoadDefaultAssembly() => context.LoadFromAssemblyPath(mainAssembly);
+
+		public AssemblyLoader(string assemblyFile)
+		{
+			mainAssembly = assemblyFile;
+			var baseDir = Path.GetDirectoryName(assemblyFile);
+
+			context = CreateLoadContext(baseDir, assemblyFile);
+		}
+
+		static AssemblyLoadContext CreateLoadContext(string baseDir, string assemblyFile)
+		{
+			var depsJsonFile = Path.Combine(baseDir, Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(assemblyFile) + ".deps.json");
+
+			var builder = new AssemblyLoadContextBuilder();
+
+			builder.TryAddDependencyContext(depsJsonFile, out _);
+			builder.SetBaseDirectory(baseDir);
+
+			return builder.Build();
+		}
+	}
+
+	public class AssemblyLoadContextBuilder
+	{
+		readonly Dictionary<string, ManagedLibrary> managedLibraries = new Dictionary<string, ManagedLibrary>(StringComparer.Ordinal);
+		readonly Dictionary<string, NativeLibrary> nativeLibraries = new Dictionary<string, NativeLibrary>(StringComparer.Ordinal);
+		string basePath;
+
+		public AssemblyLoadContext Build()
+		{
+			return new ManagedLoadContext(basePath, managedLibraries, nativeLibraries);
+		}
+
+		public AssemblyLoadContextBuilder SetBaseDirectory(string path)
+		{
+			if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(path))
+				throw new ArgumentException("Argument must not be null or empty.", nameof(path));
+
+			if (!Path.IsPathRooted(path))
+				throw new ArgumentException("Argument must be a full path.", nameof(path));
+
+			basePath = path;
+			return this;
+		}
+
+		public AssemblyLoadContextBuilder AddManagedLibrary(ManagedLibrary library)
+		{
+			managedLibraries.Add(library.Name.Name, library);
+			return this;
+		}
+
+		public AssemblyLoadContextBuilder AddNativeLibrary(NativeLibrary library)
+		{
+			ValidateRelativePath(library.AppLocalPath);
+			nativeLibraries.Add(library.Name, library);
+			return this;
+		}
+
+		static void ValidateRelativePath(string probingPath)
+		{
+			if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(probingPath))
+				throw new ArgumentException("Value must not be null or empty.", nameof(probingPath));
+
+			if (Path.IsPathRooted(probingPath))
+				throw new ArgumentException("Argument must be a relative path.", nameof(probingPath));
+		}
+	}
+
+	class ManagedLoadContext : AssemblyLoadContext
+	{
+		readonly string basePath;
+		readonly Dictionary<string, ManagedLibrary> managedAssemblies;
+		readonly Dictionary<string, NativeLibrary> nativeLibraries;
+
+		static readonly string[] NativeLibraryExtensions;
+		static readonly string[] NativeLibraryPrefixes;
+
+		static readonly string[] ManagedAssemblyExtensions =
+		{
+			".dll",
+			".ni.dll",
+			".exe",
+			".ni.exe"
+		};
+
+		static ManagedLoadContext()
+		{
+			if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows))
+			{
+				NativeLibraryPrefixes = new[] { "" };
+				NativeLibraryExtensions = new[] { ".dll" };
+			}
+			else if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.OSX))
+			{
+				NativeLibraryPrefixes = new[] { "", "lib", };
+				NativeLibraryExtensions = new[] { ".dylib" };
+			}
+			else if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Linux))
+			{
+				NativeLibraryPrefixes = new[] { "", "lib" };
+				NativeLibraryExtensions = new[] { ".so", ".so.1" };
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				NativeLibraryPrefixes = Array.Empty<string>();
+				NativeLibraryExtensions = Array.Empty<string>();
+			}
+		}
+
+		public ManagedLoadContext(string baseDirectory, Dictionary<string, ManagedLibrary> managedAssemblies, Dictionary<string, NativeLibrary> nativeLibraries)
+		{
+			basePath = baseDirectory ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(baseDirectory));
+			this.managedAssemblies = managedAssemblies ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(managedAssemblies));
+			this.nativeLibraries = nativeLibraries ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(nativeLibraries));
+		}
+
+		protected override Assembly Load(AssemblyName assemblyName)
+		{
+			// If default context is preferred, check first for types in the default context unless the dependency has been declared as private
+			try
+			{
+				var defaultAssembly = Default.LoadFromAssemblyName(assemblyName);
+				if (defaultAssembly != null)
+					return null;
+			}
+			catch
+			{
+				// Swallow errors in loading from the default context
+			}
+
+			if (managedAssemblies.TryGetValue(assemblyName.Name, out var library) && SearchForLibrary(library, out var path))
+				return LoadFromAssemblyPath(path);
+
+			return null;
+		}
+
+		protected override IntPtr LoadUnmanagedDll(string unmanagedDllName)
+		{
+			foreach (var prefix in NativeLibraryPrefixes)
+				if (nativeLibraries.TryGetValue(prefix + unmanagedDllName, out var library) && SearchForLibrary(library, prefix, out var path))
+					return LoadUnmanagedDllFromPath(path);
+
+			return base.LoadUnmanagedDll(unmanagedDllName);
+		}
+
+		bool SearchForLibrary(ManagedLibrary library, out string path)
+		{
+			// 1. Search in base path
+			foreach (var ext in ManagedAssemblyExtensions)
+			{
+				var local = Path.Combine(basePath, library.Name.Name + ext);
+				if (File.Exists(local))
+				{
+					path = local;
+					return true;
+				}
+			}
+
+			path = null;
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		bool SearchForLibrary(NativeLibrary library, string prefix, out string path)
+		{
+			// 1. Search in base path
+			foreach (var ext in NativeLibraryExtensions)
+			{
+				var candidate = Path.Combine(basePath, $"{prefix}{library.Name}{ext}");
+				if (File.Exists(candidate))
+				{
+					path = candidate;
+					return true;
+				}
+			}
+
+			// 2. Search in base path + app local (for portable deployments of netcoreapp)
+			var local = Path.Combine(basePath, library.AppLocalPath);
+			if (File.Exists(local))
+			{
+				path = local;
+				return true;
+			}
+
+			path = null;
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	public class ManagedLibrary
+	{
+		public AssemblyName Name { get; private set; }
+
+		public static ManagedLibrary CreateFromPackage(string assetPath)
+		{
+			return new ManagedLibrary
+			{
+				Name = new AssemblyName(Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(assetPath))
+			};
+		}
+	}
+
+	public class NativeLibrary
+	{
+		public string Name { get; private set; }
+
+		public string AppLocalPath { get; private set; }
+
+		public static NativeLibrary CreateFromPackage(string assetPath)
+		{
+			return new NativeLibrary
+			{
+				Name = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(assetPath),
+				AppLocalPath = assetPath
+			};
+		}
+	}
+
+	public static class DependencyContextExtensions
+	{
+		public static AssemblyLoadContextBuilder TryAddDependencyContext(this AssemblyLoadContextBuilder builder, string depsFilePath, out Exception error)
+		{
+			error = null;
+			try
+			{
+				builder.AddDependencyContext(depsFilePath);
+			}
+			catch (Exception ex)
+			{
+				error = ex;
+			}
+
+			return builder;
+		}
+
+		public static AssemblyLoadContextBuilder AddDependencyContext(this AssemblyLoadContextBuilder builder, string depsFilePath)
+		{
+			var reader = new DependencyContextJsonReader();
+			using (var file = File.OpenRead(depsFilePath))
+			{
+				var deps = reader.Read(file);
+				builder.SetBaseDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(depsFilePath));
+				builder.AddDependencyContext(deps);
+			}
+
+			return builder;
+		}
+
+		static string GetFallbackRid()
+		{
+			string ridBase;
+
+			if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows))
+				ridBase = "win10";
+			else if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Linux))
+				ridBase = "linux";
+			else if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.OSX))
+				ridBase = "osx.10.12";
+			else
+				return "any";
+
+			switch (RuntimeInformation.OSArchitecture)
+			{
+				case Architecture.X86:
+					return ridBase + "-x86";
+				case Architecture.X64:
+					return ridBase + "-x64";
+				case Architecture.Arm:
+					return ridBase + "-arm";
+				case Architecture.Arm64:
+					return ridBase + "-arm64";
+			}
+
+			return ridBase;
+		}
+
+		public static AssemblyLoadContextBuilder AddDependencyContext(this AssemblyLoadContextBuilder builder, DependencyContext dependencyContext)
+		{
+			var ridGraph = dependencyContext.RuntimeGraph.Any()
+				? dependencyContext.RuntimeGraph
+				: DependencyContext.Default.RuntimeGraph;
+
+			var rid = Microsoft.DotNet.PlatformAbstractions.RuntimeEnvironment.GetRuntimeIdentifier();
+			var fallbackRid = GetFallbackRid();
+			var fallbackGraph = ridGraph.FirstOrDefault(g => g.Runtime == rid)
+								?? ridGraph.FirstOrDefault(g => g.Runtime == fallbackRid)
+								?? new RuntimeFallbacks("any");
+
+			foreach (var managed in dependencyContext.ResolveRuntimeAssemblies(fallbackGraph))
+				builder.AddManagedLibrary(managed);
+
+			foreach (var native in dependencyContext.ResolveNativeAssets(fallbackGraph))
+				builder.AddNativeLibrary(native);
+
+			return builder;
+		}
+
+		static IEnumerable<ManagedLibrary> ResolveRuntimeAssemblies(this DependencyContext depContext, RuntimeFallbacks runtimeGraph)
+		{
+			var rids = GetRids(runtimeGraph);
+			return from library in depContext.RuntimeLibraries
+				   from assetPath in SelectAssets(rids, library.RuntimeAssemblyGroups)
+				   select ManagedLibrary.CreateFromPackage(assetPath);
+		}
+
+		static IEnumerable<NativeLibrary> ResolveNativeAssets(this DependencyContext depContext, RuntimeFallbacks runtimeGraph)
+		{
+			var rids = GetRids(runtimeGraph);
+			return from library in depContext.RuntimeLibraries
+				   from assetPath in SelectAssets(rids, library.NativeLibraryGroups)
+				   where !assetPath.EndsWith(".a", StringComparison.Ordinal)
+				   select NativeLibrary.CreateFromPackage(assetPath);
+		}
+
+		static IEnumerable<string> GetRids(RuntimeFallbacks runtimeGraph)
+		{
+			return Enumerable.Concat(new[] { runtimeGraph.Runtime }, runtimeGraph?.Fallbacks ?? Enumerable.Empty<string>());
+		}
+
+		static IEnumerable<string> SelectAssets(IEnumerable<string> rids, IEnumerable<RuntimeAssetGroup> groups)
+		{
+			foreach (var rid in rids)
+			{
+				var group = groups.FirstOrDefault(g => g.Runtime == rid);
+				if (group != null)
+					return group.AssetPaths;
+			}
+
+			return groups.GetDefaultAssets();
+		}
+	}
+}
+#endif

OpenRA.Game/Support/Program.cs

@@ -21,26 +21,4 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		Success = 0,
 		Running = int.MaxValue
 	}
-
-	static class Program
-	{
-		[STAThread]
-		static int Main(string[] args)
-		{
-			if (Debugger.IsAttached || args.Contains("--just-die"))
-				return (int)Game.InitializeAndRun(args);
-
-			AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += (_, e) => ExceptionHandler.HandleFatalError((Exception)e.ExceptionObject);
-
-			try
-			{
-				return (int)Game.InitializeAndRun(args);
-			}
-			catch (Exception e)
-			{
-				ExceptionHandler.HandleFatalError(e);
-				return (int)RunStatus.Error;
-			}
-		}
-	}
 }

OpenRA.Game/TraitDictionary.cs

@@ -11,8 +11,10 @@
 
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
 using OpenRA.Primitives;
+using OpenRA.Support;
 
 namespace OpenRA
 {
@@ -122,6 +124,16 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				t.Value.RemoveActor(a.ActorID);
 		}
 
+		public void ApplyToActorsWithTrait<T>(Action<Actor, T> action)
+		{
+			InnerGet<T>().ApplyToAll(action);
+		}
+
+		public void ApplyToActorsWithTraitTimed<T>(Action<Actor, T> action, string text)
+		{
+			InnerGet<T>().ApplyToAllTimed(action, text);
+		}
+
 		interface ITraitContainer
 		{
 			void Add(Actor actor, object trait);
@@ -277,6 +289,32 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				actors.RemoveRange(startIndex, count);
 				traits.RemoveRange(startIndex, count);
 			}
+
+			public void ApplyToAll(Action<Actor, T> action)
+			{
+				for (var i = 0; i < actors.Count; i++)
+					action(actors[i], traits[i]);
+			}
+
+			public void ApplyToAllTimed(Action<Actor, T> action, string text)
+			{
+				var longTickThresholdInStopwatchTicks = PerfTimer.LongTickThresholdInStopwatchTicks;
+				var start = Stopwatch.GetTimestamp();
+				for (var i = 0; i < actors.Count; i++)
+				{
+					var actor = actors[i];
+					var trait = traits[i];
+					action(actor, trait);
+					var current = Stopwatch.GetTimestamp();
+					if (current - start > longTickThresholdInStopwatchTicks)
+					{
+						PerfTimer.LogLongTick(start, current, text, trait);
+						start = Stopwatch.GetTimestamp();
+					}
+					else
+						start = current;
+				}
+			}
 		}
 	}
 }

OpenRA.Game/Traits/LintAttributes.cs

@@ -13,54 +13,53 @@ using System;
 
 namespace OpenRA.Traits
 {
-	/* attributes used by OpenRA.Lint to understand the rules */
+	public enum LintDictionaryReference
+	{
+		None = 0,
+		Keys = 1,
+		Values = 2
+	}
 
 	[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Field)]
 	public sealed class ActorReferenceAttribute : Attribute
 	{
-		public Type[] RequiredTraits;
-		public ActorReferenceAttribute(params Type[] requiredTraits)
+		public readonly Type[] RequiredTraits;
+		public readonly LintDictionaryReference DictionaryReference;
+
+		public ActorReferenceAttribute(Type[] requiredTraits,
+			LintDictionaryReference dictionaryReference = LintDictionaryReference.None)
 		{
 			RequiredTraits = requiredTraits;
+			DictionaryReference = dictionaryReference;
+		}
+
+		public ActorReferenceAttribute(Type requiredTrait = null,
+			LintDictionaryReference dictionaryReference = LintDictionaryReference.None)
+		{
+			RequiredTraits = requiredTrait != null ? new[] { requiredTrait } : new Type[0];
+			DictionaryReference = dictionaryReference;
 		}
 	}
 
 	[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Field)]
 	public sealed class WeaponReferenceAttribute : Attribute { }
 
-	[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Field)]
-	public sealed class VoiceSetReferenceAttribute : Attribute { }
-
-	[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Field)]
-	public sealed class VoiceReferenceAttribute : Attribute { }
-
-	[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Field)]
-	public sealed class LocomotorReferenceAttribute : Attribute { }
-
-	[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Field)]
-	public sealed class NotificationReferenceAttribute : Attribute
-	{
-		public readonly string NotificationTypeFieldName = null;
-		public readonly string NotificationType = null;
-
-		public NotificationReferenceAttribute(string type = null, string typeFromField = null)
-		{
-			NotificationType = type;
-			NotificationTypeFieldName = typeFromField;
-		}
-	}
-
 	[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Field)]
 	public sealed class SequenceReferenceAttribute : Attribute
 	{
-		public readonly string ImageReference; // The field name in the same trait info that contains the image name.
+		// The field name in the same trait info that contains the image name.
+		public readonly string ImageReference;
 		public readonly bool Prefix;
-		public readonly bool ActorNameFallback;
-		public SequenceReferenceAttribute(string imageReference = null, bool prefix = false, bool actorNameFallback = false)
+		public readonly bool AllowNullImage;
+		public readonly LintDictionaryReference DictionaryReference;
+
+		public SequenceReferenceAttribute(string imageReference = null, bool prefix = false, bool allowNullImage = false,
+			LintDictionaryReference dictionaryReference = LintDictionaryReference.None)
 		{
 			ImageReference = imageReference;
 			Prefix = prefix;
-			ActorNameFallback = actorNameFallback;
+			AllowNullImage = allowNullImage;
+			DictionaryReference = dictionaryReference;
 		}
 	}
 

OpenRA.Game/Traits/Player/FrozenActorLayer.cs

@@ -39,10 +39,11 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 		readonly ICreatesFrozenActors frozenTrait;
 		readonly Player viewer;
 		readonly Shroud shroud;
+		readonly List<WPos> targetablePositions = new List<WPos>();
 
 		public Player Owner { get; private set; }
 		public BitSet<TargetableType> TargetTypes { get; private set; }
-		public WPos[] TargetablePositions { get; private set; }
+		public IEnumerable<WPos> TargetablePositions { get { return targetablePositions; } }
 
 		public ITooltipInfo TooltipInfo { get; private set; }
 		public Player TooltipOwner { get; private set; }
@@ -117,7 +118,8 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 		{
 			Owner = actor.Owner;
 			TargetTypes = actor.GetEnabledTargetTypes();
-			TargetablePositions = actor.GetTargetablePositions().ToArray();
+			targetablePositions.Clear();
+			targetablePositions.AddRange(actor.GetTargetablePositions());
 			Hidden = !actor.CanBeViewedByPlayer(viewer);
 
 			if (health != null)

OpenRA.Game/Traits/Player/Shroud.cs

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 		readonly ProjectedCellLayer<short> generatedShroudCount;
 		readonly ProjectedCellLayer<bool> explored;
 		readonly ProjectedCellLayer<bool> touched;
+		bool anyCellTouched;
 
 		// Per-cell cache of the resolved cell type (shroud/fog/visible)
 		readonly ProjectedCellLayer<ShroudCellType> resolvedType;
@@ -142,6 +143,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 			generatedShroudCount = new ProjectedCellLayer<short>(map);
 			explored = new ProjectedCellLayer<bool>(map);
 			touched = new ProjectedCellLayer<bool>(map);
+			anyCellTouched = true;
 
 			// Defaults to 0 = Shroud
 			resolvedType = new ProjectedCellLayer<ShroudCellType>(map);
@@ -159,31 +161,42 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 
 		void ITick.Tick(Actor self)
 		{
+			if (!anyCellTouched)
+				return;
+
+			anyCellTouched = false;
+
 			if (OnShroudChanged == null)
 				return;
 
 			foreach (var puv in map.ProjectedCells)
 			{
-				if (!touched[puv])
+				var index = touched.Index(puv);
+				if (!touched[index])
 					continue;
 
-				touched[puv] = false;
+				touched[index] = false;
 
 				var type = ShroudCellType.Shroud;
 
-				if (explored[puv] && (!shroudGenerationEnabled || generatedShroudCount[puv] == 0 || visibleCount[puv] > 0))
+				if (explored[index])
 				{
-					var count = visibleCount[puv];
-					if (passiveVisibilityEnabled)
-						count += passiveVisibleCount[puv];
+					var count = visibleCount[index];
+					if (!shroudGenerationEnabled || count > 0 || generatedShroudCount[index] == 0)
+					{
+						if (passiveVisibilityEnabled)
+							count += passiveVisibleCount[index];
 
-					type = count > 0 ? ShroudCellType.Visible : ShroudCellType.Fog;
+						type = count > 0 ? ShroudCellType.Visible : ShroudCellType.Fog;
+					}
 				}
 
-				var oldResolvedType = resolvedType[puv];
-				resolvedType[puv] = type;
+				var oldResolvedType = resolvedType[index];
 				if (type != oldResolvedType)
+				{
+					resolvedType[index] = type;
 					OnShroudChanged(puv);
+				}
 			}
 
 			Hash = Sync.HashPlayer(self.Owner) + self.World.WorldTick;
@@ -231,21 +244,23 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 				if (!map.Contains(puv))
 					continue;
 
-				touched[puv] = true;
+				var index = touched.Index(puv);
+				touched[index] = true;
+				anyCellTouched = true;
 				switch (type)
 				{
 					case SourceType.PassiveVisibility:
 						passiveVisibilityEnabled = true;
-						passiveVisibleCount[puv]++;
-						explored[puv] = true;
+						passiveVisibleCount[index]++;
+						explored[index] = true;
 						break;
 					case SourceType.Visibility:
-						visibleCount[puv]++;
-						explored[puv] = true;
+						visibleCount[index]++;
+						explored[index] = true;
 						break;
 					case SourceType.Shroud:
 						shroudGenerationEnabled = true;
-						generatedShroudCount[puv]++;
+						generatedShroudCount[index]++;
 						break;
 				}
 			}
@@ -261,17 +276,19 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 				// Cells outside the visible bounds don't increment visibleCount
 				if (map.Contains(puv))
 				{
-					touched[puv] = true;
+					var index = touched.Index(puv);
+					touched[index] = true;
+					anyCellTouched = true;
 					switch (state.Type)
 					{
 						case SourceType.PassiveVisibility:
-							passiveVisibleCount[puv]--;
+							passiveVisibleCount[index]--;
 							break;
 						case SourceType.Visibility:
-							visibleCount[puv]--;
+							visibleCount[index]--;
 							break;
 						case SourceType.Shroud:
-							generatedShroudCount[puv]--;
+							generatedShroudCount[index]--;
 							break;
 					}
 				}
@@ -284,10 +301,15 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 		{
 			foreach (var puv in cells)
 			{
-				if (map.Contains(puv) && !explored[puv])
+				if (map.Contains(puv))
 				{
-					touched[puv] = true;
-					explored[puv] = true;
+					var index = touched.Index(puv);
+					if (!explored[index])
+					{
+						touched[index] = true;
+						anyCellTouched = true;
+						explored[index] = true;
+					}
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -299,10 +321,12 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 
 			foreach (var puv in map.ProjectedCells)
 			{
-				if (!explored[puv] && s.explored[puv])
+				var index = touched.Index(puv);
+				if (!explored[index] && s.explored[index])
 				{
-					touched[puv] = true;
-					explored[puv] = true;
+					touched[index] = true;
+					anyCellTouched = true;
+					explored[index] = true;
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -311,10 +335,12 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 		{
 			foreach (var puv in map.ProjectedCells)
 			{
-				if (!explored[puv])
+				var index = touched.Index(puv);
+				if (!explored[index])
 				{
-					touched[puv] = true;
-					explored[puv] = true;
+					touched[index] = true;
+					anyCellTouched = true;
+					explored[index] = true;
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -323,9 +349,12 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 		{
 			foreach (var puv in map.ProjectedCells)
 			{
-				touched[puv] = true;
-				explored[puv] = (visibleCount[puv] + passiveVisibleCount[puv]) > 0;
+				var index = touched.Index(puv);
+				touched[index] = true;
+				explored[index] = (visibleCount[index] + passiveVisibleCount[index]) > 0;
 			}
+
+			anyCellTouched = true;
 		}
 
 		public bool IsExplored(WPos pos)

OpenRA.Game/Traits/Target.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ using System.Linq;
 namespace OpenRA.Traits
 {
 	public enum TargetType : byte { Invalid, Actor, Terrain, FrozenActor }
-	public struct Target
+	public readonly struct Target
 	{
 		public static readonly Target[] None = { };
 		public static readonly Target Invalid = default(Target);
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 		}
 
 		public static Target FromPos(WPos p) { return new Target(p); }
-		public static Target FromTargetPositions(Target t) { return new Target(t.CenterPosition, t.Positions.ToArray()); }
+		public static Target FromTargetPositions(in Target t) { return new Target(t.CenterPosition, t.Positions.ToArray()); }
 		public static Target FromCell(World w, CPos c, SubCell subCell = SubCell.FullCell) { return new Target(w, c, subCell); }
 		public static Target FromActor(Actor a) { return a != null ? new Target(a) : Invalid; }
 		public static Target FromFrozenActor(FrozenActor fa) { return new Target(fa); }

OpenRA.Game/Traits/TraitsInterfaces.cs

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ using OpenRA.GameRules;
 using OpenRA.Graphics;
 using OpenRA.Network;
 using OpenRA.Primitives;
+using OpenRA.Support;
 
 namespace OpenRA.Traits
 {
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 	}
 
 	[Flags]
-	public enum Stance
+	public enum PlayerRelationship
 	{
 		None = 0,
 		Enemy = 1,
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 
 	public static class StanceExts
 	{
-		public static bool HasStance(this Stance s, Stance stance)
+		public static bool HasStance(this PlayerRelationship s, PlayerRelationship stance)
 		{
 			// PERF: Enum.HasFlag is slower and requires allocations.
 			return (s & stance) == stance;
@@ -127,7 +128,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 	public interface IIssueOrder
 	{
 		IEnumerable<IOrderTargeter> Orders { get; }
-		Order IssueOrder(Actor self, IOrderTargeter order, Target target, bool queued);
+		Order IssueOrder(Actor self, IOrderTargeter order, in Target target, bool queued);
 	}
 
 	[Flags]
@@ -146,9 +147,9 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 	{
 		string OrderID { get; }
 		int OrderPriority { get; }
-		bool CanTarget(Actor self, Target target, List<Actor> othersAtTarget, ref TargetModifiers modifiers, ref string cursor);
+		bool CanTarget(Actor self, in Target target, List<Actor> othersAtTarget, ref TargetModifiers modifiers, ref string cursor);
 		bool IsQueued { get; }
-		bool TargetOverridesSelection(Actor self, Target target, List<Actor> actorsAt, CPos xy, TargetModifiers modifiers);
+		bool TargetOverridesSelection(Actor self, in Target target, List<Actor> actorsAt, CPos xy, TargetModifiers modifiers);
 	}
 
 	public interface IResolveOrder { void ResolveOrder(Actor self, Order order); }
@@ -195,7 +196,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 
 	public interface ITooltipInfo : ITraitInfoInterface
 	{
-		string TooltipForPlayerStance(Stance stance);
+		string TooltipForPlayerStance(PlayerRelationship stance);
 		bool IsOwnerRowVisible { get; }
 	}
 
@@ -267,6 +268,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 	public interface ISelectionDecorations
 	{
 		IEnumerable<IRenderable> RenderSelectionAnnotations(Actor self, WorldRenderer worldRenderer, Color color);
+		int2 GetDecorationOrigin(Actor self, WorldRenderer wr, string pos, int2 margin);
 	}
 
 	public interface IMapPreviewSignatureInfo : ITraitInfoInterface
@@ -364,7 +366,27 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 	}
 
 	[RequireExplicitImplementation]
-	public interface ICreatePlayers { void CreatePlayers(World w); }
+	public interface ICreatePlayers { void CreatePlayers(World w, MersenneTwister playerRandom); }
+
+	[RequireExplicitImplementation]
+	public interface ICreatePlayersInfo : ITraitInfoInterface
+	{
+		void CreateServerPlayers(MapPreview map, Session lobbyInfo, List<GameInformation.Player> players, MersenneTwister playerRandom);
+	}
+
+	[RequireExplicitImplementation]
+	public interface IAssignSpawnPoints
+	{
+		CPos AssignHomeLocation(World world, Session.Client client, MersenneTwister playerRandom);
+		int SpawnPointForPlayer(Player player);
+	}
+
+	[RequireExplicitImplementation]
+	public interface IAssignSpawnPointsInfo : ITraitInfoInterface
+	{
+		object InitializeState(MapPreview map, Session lobbyInfo);
+		int AssignSpawnPoint(object state, Session lobbyInfo, Session.Client client, MersenneTwister playerRandom);
+	}
 
 	public interface IBotInfo : ITraitInfoInterface
 	{
@@ -485,7 +507,10 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 		bool AlwaysEnabled { get; }
 	}
 
-	public interface IMoveInfo : ITraitInfoInterface { }
+	public interface IMoveInfo : ITraitInfoInterface
+	{
+		Color GetTargetLineColor();
+	}
 
 	[RequireExplicitImplementation]
 	public interface IGameOver { void GameOver(World world); }
@@ -495,7 +520,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 		int Delay { get; }
 		bool IsValidAgainst(Actor victim, Actor firedBy);
 		bool IsValidAgainst(FrozenActor victim, Actor firedBy);
-		void DoImpact(Target target, WarheadArgs args);
+		void DoImpact(in Target target, WarheadArgs args);
 	}
 
 	public interface IRulesetLoaded<TInfo> { void RulesetLoaded(Ruleset rules, TInfo info); }
@@ -541,8 +566,8 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 	{
 		static readonly Dictionary<string, string> BoolValues = new Dictionary<string, string>()
 		{
-			{ true.ToString(), "enabled" },
-			{ false.ToString(), "disabled" }
+			{ true.ToString(), "Enabled" },
+			{ false.ToString(), "Disabled" }
 		};
 
 		public LobbyBooleanOption(string id, string name, string description, bool visible, int displayorder, bool defaultValue, bool locked)
@@ -550,7 +575,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Traits
 
 		public override string ValueChangedMessage(string playerName, string newValue)
 		{
-			return playerName + " " + BoolValues[newValue] + " " + Name + ".";
+			return playerName + " " + BoolValues[newValue].ToLowerInvariant() + " " + Name + ".";
 		}
 	}
 

OpenRA.Game/UtilityCommands/RegisterModCommand.cs

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.UtilityCommands
 			if (args[2] == "user" || args[2] == "both")
 				type |= ModRegistration.User;
 
-			new ExternalMods().Register(utility.ModData.Manifest, args[1], type);
+			new ExternalMods().Register(utility.ModData.Manifest, args[1], Enumerable.Empty<string>(), type);
 		}
 	}
 }

OpenRA.Game/WRot.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 	/// <summary>
 	/// 3d World rotation.
 	/// </summary>
-	public struct WRot : IEquatable<WRot>
+	public readonly struct WRot : IEquatable<WRot>
 	{
 		// The Euler angle representation is a lot more intuitive for public use
 		public readonly WAngle Roll, Pitch, Yaw;
@@ -84,11 +84,11 @@ namespace OpenRA
 
 		public static WRot FromFacing(int facing) { return new WRot(WAngle.Zero, WAngle.Zero, WAngle.FromFacing(facing)); }
 		public static WRot FromYaw(WAngle yaw) { return new WRot(WAngle.Zero, WAngle.Zero, yaw); }
-		public static WRot operator +(WRot a, WRot b) { return new WRot(a.Roll + b.Roll, a.Pitch + b.Pitch, a.Yaw + b.Yaw); }
-		public static WRot operator -(WRot a, WRot b) { return new WRot(a.Roll - b.Roll, a.Pitch - b.Pitch, a.Yaw - b.Yaw); }
-		public static WRot operator -(WRot a) { return new WRot(-a.x, -a.y, -a.z, a.w, -a.Roll, -a.Pitch, -a.Yaw); }
+		public static WRot operator +(in WRot a, in WRot b) { return new WRot(a.Roll + b.Roll, a.Pitch + b.Pitch, a.Yaw + b.Yaw); }
+		public static WRot operator -(in WRot a, in WRot b) { return new WRot(a.Roll - b.Roll, a.Pitch - b.Pitch, a.Yaw - b.Yaw); }
+		public static WRot operator -(in WRot a) { return new WRot(-a.x, -a.y, -a.z, a.w, -a.Roll, -a.Pitch, -a.Yaw); }
 
-		public WRot Rotate(WRot rot)
+		public WRot Rotate(in WRot rot)
 		{
 			if (this == None)
 				return rot;
@@ -104,12 +104,12 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			return new WRot((int)rx, (int)ry, (int)rz, (int)rw);
 		}
 
-		public static bool operator ==(WRot me, WRot other)
+		public static bool operator ==(in WRot me, in WRot other)
 		{
 			return me.Roll == other.Roll && me.Pitch == other.Pitch && me.Yaw == other.Yaw;
 		}
 
-		public static bool operator !=(WRot me, WRot other) { return !(me == other); }
+		public static bool operator !=(in WRot me, in WRot other) { return !(me == other); }
 
 		public WRot WithRoll(WAngle roll)
 		{

OpenRA.Game/WVec.cs

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		public long VerticalLengthSquared { get { return (long)Z * Z; } }
 		public int VerticalLength { get { return (int)Exts.ISqrt(VerticalLengthSquared); } }
 
-		public WVec Rotate(WRot rot)
+		public WVec Rotate(in WRot rot)
 		{
 			rot.AsMatrix(out var mtx);
 			return Rotate(ref mtx);

OpenRA.Game/World.cs

@@ -142,6 +142,8 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		public readonly ScreenMap ScreenMap;
 		public readonly WorldType Type;
 
+		public readonly IValidateOrder[] OrderValidators;
+
 		readonly GameInformation gameInfo;
 
 		// Hide the OrderManager from mod code
@@ -203,28 +205,14 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			ActorMap = WorldActor.Trait<IActorMap>();
 			ScreenMap = WorldActor.Trait<ScreenMap>();
 			Selection = WorldActor.Trait<ISelection>();
+			OrderValidators = WorldActor.TraitsImplementing<IValidateOrder>().ToArray();
 
-			// Reset mask
 			LongBitSet<PlayerBitMask>.Reset();
 
-			// Add players
+			// Create an isolated RNG to simplify synchronization between client and server player faction/spawn assignments
+			var playerRandom = new MersenneTwister(orderManager.LobbyInfo.GlobalSettings.RandomSeed);
 			foreach (var cmp in WorldActor.TraitsImplementing<ICreatePlayers>())
-				cmp.CreatePlayers(this);
-
-			// Set defaults for any unset stances
-			foreach (var p in Players)
-			{
-				if (!p.Spectating)
-					AllPlayersMask = AllPlayersMask.Union(p.PlayerMask);
-
-				foreach (var q in Players)
-				{
-					SetUpPlayerMask(p, q);
-
-					if (!p.Stances.ContainsKey(q))
-						p.Stances[q] = Stance.Neutral;
-				}
-			}
+				cmp.CreatePlayers(this, playerRandom);
 
 			Game.Sound.SoundVolumeModifier = 1.0f;
 
@@ -240,25 +228,6 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			RulesContainTemporaryBlocker = map.Rules.Actors.Any(a => a.Value.HasTraitInfo<ITemporaryBlockerInfo>());
 		}
 
-		void SetUpPlayerMask(Player p, Player q)
-		{
-			if (q.Spectating)
-				return;
-
-			var bitSet = q.PlayerMask;
-
-			switch (p.Stances[q])
-			{
-				case Stance.Enemy:
-				case Stance.Neutral:
-					p.EnemyPlayersMask = p.EnemyPlayersMask.Union(bitSet);
-					break;
-				case Stance.Ally:
-					p.AlliedPlayersMask = p.AlliedPlayersMask.Union(bitSet);
-					break;
-			}
-		}
-
 		public void AddToMaps(Actor self, IOccupySpace ios)
 		{
 			ActorMap.AddInfluence(self, ios);
@@ -315,6 +284,8 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			foreach (var player in Players)
 				gameInfo.AddPlayer(player, OrderManager.LobbyInfo);
 
+			gameInfo.DisabledSpawnPoints = OrderManager.LobbyInfo.DisabledSpawnPoints;
+
 			var echo = OrderManager.Connection as EchoConnection;
 			var rc = echo != null ? echo.Recorder : null;
 
@@ -461,7 +432,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 					foreach (var a in actors.Values)
 						a.Tick();
 
-				ActorsWithTrait<ITick>().DoTimed(x => x.Trait.Tick(x.Actor), "Trait");
+				ApplyToActorsWithTraitTimed<ITick>((Actor actor, ITick trait) => trait.Tick(actor), "Trait");
 
 				effects.DoTimed(e => e.Tick(this), "Effect");
 			}
@@ -473,7 +444,7 @@ namespace OpenRA
 		// For things that want to update their render state once per tick, ignoring pause state
 		public void TickRender(WorldRenderer wr)
 		{
-			ActorsWithTrait<ITickRender>().DoTimed(x => x.Trait.TickRender(wr, x.Actor), "Render");
+			ApplyToActorsWithTraitTimed<ITickRender>((Actor actor, ITickRender trait) => trait.TickRender(wr, actor), "Render");
 			ScreenMap.TickRender();
 		}
 
@@ -532,6 +503,11 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			return TraitDict.ActorsWithTrait<T>();
 		}
 
+		public void ApplyToActorsWithTraitTimed<T>(Action<Actor, T> action, string text)
+		{
+			TraitDict.ApplyToActorsWithTraitTimed<T>(action, text);
+		}
+
 		public IEnumerable<Actor> ActorsHavingTrait<T>()
 		{
 			return TraitDict.ActorsHavingTrait<T>();
@@ -552,6 +528,15 @@ namespace OpenRA
 			}
 		}
 
+		public void OnPlayerDisconnected(Player player)
+		{
+			var pi = gameInfo.GetPlayer(player);
+			if (pi == null)
+				return;
+
+			pi.DisconnectFrame = OrderManager.NetFrameNumber;
+		}
+
 		public void RequestGameSave(string filename)
 		{
 			// Allow traits to save arbitrary data that will be passed back via IGameSaveTraitData.ResolveTraitData

OpenRA.Game/WorldUtils.cs

@@ -87,11 +87,5 @@ namespace OpenRA
 				}
 			}
 		}
-
-		public static bool AreMutualAllies(Player a, Player b)
-		{
-			return a.Stances[b] == Stance.Ally &&
-				b.Stances[a] == Stance.Ally;
-		}
 	}
 }

OpenRA.Launcher/App.config

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
+<configuration>
+  <runtime>
+    <loadFromRemoteSources enabled="true" />
+  </runtime>
+</configuration>

OpenRA.Launcher/OpenRA.Launcher.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
+    <TargetFramework Condition="'$(Mono)' == ''">net5.0</TargetFramework>
+    <TargetFramework Condition="'$(Mono)' != ''">netstandard2.1</TargetFramework>
+    <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
+    <Optimize>true</Optimize>
+    <UseVSHostingProcess>false</UseVSHostingProcess>
+    <LangVersion>7.3</LangVersion>
+    <DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
+    <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
+    <AutoGenerateBindingRedirects>false</AutoGenerateBindingRedirects>
+    <OutputPath>../bin</OutputPath>
+    <AppendTargetFrameworkToOutputPath>false</AppendTargetFrameworkToOutputPath>
+    <PlatformTarget>AnyCPU</PlatformTarget>
+    <ExternalConsole>false</ExternalConsole>
+    <EnableDefaultCompileItems>false</EnableDefaultCompileItems>
+    <CodeAnalysisRuleSet>..\OpenRA.ruleset</CodeAnalysisRuleSet>
+    <Configurations>Release;Debug</Configurations>
+    <AssemblyName>OpenRA</AssemblyName>
+    <IsPublishable Condition="'$(CopyGenericLauncher)' == 'False'">false</IsPublishable>
+    <CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>true</CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <TargetPlatform Condition="$([MSBuild]::IsOsPlatform('Windows'))">win-x64</TargetPlatform>
+    <TargetPlatform Condition="$([MSBuild]::IsOsPlatform('Linux'))">linux-x64</TargetPlatform>
+    <TargetPlatform Condition="$([MSBuild]::IsOsPlatform('OSX'))">osx-x64</TargetPlatform>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <!-- Work around an issue where Rider does not detect files in the project root using the default glob -->
+    <Compile Include="**/*.cs" Exclude="$(DefaultItemExcludes)" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)' == 'Debug'">
+    <DefineConstants>DEBUG;TRACE</DefineConstants>
+    <Optimize>false</Optimize>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(TargetPlatform)' == 'win-x86'">
+    <Prefer32bit>true</Prefer32bit>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(RunConfiguration)' == 'Red Alert'">
+    <StartAction>Project</StartAction>
+    <StartArguments>Engine.EngineDir=".." Game.Mod=ra</StartArguments>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(RunConfiguration)' == 'Dune 2000'">
+    <StartAction>Project</StartAction>
+    <StartArguments>Engine.EngineDir=".." Game.Mod=d2k</StartArguments>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(RunConfiguration)' == 'Tiberian Dawn'">
+    <StartAction>Project</StartAction>
+    <StartArguments>Engine.EngineDir=".." Game.Mod=cnc</StartArguments>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(RunConfiguration)' == 'Tiberian Sun'">
+    <StartAction>Project</StartAction>
+    <StartArguments>Engine.EngineDir=".." Game.Mod=ts</StartArguments>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <None Include="App.config" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\OpenRA.Game\OpenRA.Game.csproj" />
+    <AdditionalFiles Include="../stylecop.json" />
+    <AdditionalFiles Include="Properties/launchSettings.json" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <Target Name="DisableAnalyzers" BeforeTargets="CoreCompile" Condition="'$(Configuration)'=='Release'">
+    <!-- Disable code style analysis on Release builds to improve compile-time performance -->
+    <ItemGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)'=='Release'">
+      <Analyzer Remove="@(Analyzer)" />
+    </ItemGroup>
+  </Target>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <TrimmerRootAssembly Include="netstandard" />
+    <TrimmerRootAssembly Include="System.IO.Pipes" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+</Project>

OpenRA.Launcher/Program.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#region Copyright & License Information
+/*
+ * Copyright 2007-2020 The OpenRA Developers (see AUTHORS)
+ * This file is part of OpenRA, which is free software. It is made
+ * available to you under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+ * as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of
+ * the License, or (at your option) any later version. For more
+ * information, see COPYING.
+ */
+#endregion
+
+using System;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Linq;
+
+namespace OpenRA.Launcher
+{
+	static class Program
+	{
+		[STAThread]
+		static int Main(string[] args)
+		{
+			if (Debugger.IsAttached || args.Contains("--just-die"))
+				return (int)Game.InitializeAndRun(args);
+
+			AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += (_, e) => ExceptionHandler.HandleFatalError((Exception)e.ExceptionObject);
+
+			try
+			{
+				return (int)Game.InitializeAndRun(args);
+			}
+			catch (Exception e)
+			{
+				ExceptionHandler.HandleFatalError(e);
+				return (int)RunStatus.Error;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

OpenRA.Launcher/Properties/launchSettings.json

@@ -2,19 +2,19 @@
   "profiles": {
     "Tiberian Dawn": {
       "commandName": "Project",
-      "commandLineArgs": "Game.Mod=cnc"
+      "commandLineArgs": "Engine.EngineDir=\"..\" Game.Mod=cnc"
     },
     "Red Alert": {
       "commandName": "Project",
-      "commandLineArgs": "Game.Mod=ra"
+      "commandLineArgs": "Engine.EngineDir=\"..\" Game.Mod=ra"
     },
     "Dune 2000": {
       "commandName": "Project",
-      "commandLineArgs": "Game.Mod=d2k"
+      "commandLineArgs": "Engine.EngineDir=\"..\" Game.Mod=d2k"
     },
     "Tiberian Sun": {
       "commandName": "Project",
-      "commandLineArgs": "Game.Mod=ts"
+      "commandLineArgs": "Engine.EngineDir=\"..\" Game.Mod=ts"
     }
   }
-}
+}

OpenRA.Mods.Cnc/Activities/Infiltrate.cs

@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ namespace OpenRA.Mods.Cnc.Activities
 		readonly INotifyInfiltration[] notifiers;
 		Actor enterActor;
 
-		public Infiltrate(Actor self, Target target, Infiltrates infiltrates)
-			: base(self, target, Color.Crimson)
+		public Infiltrate(Actor self, in Target target, Infiltrates infiltrates, Color? targetLineColor)
+			: base(self, target, targetLineColor)
 		{
 			this.infiltrates = infiltrates;
 			notifiers = self.TraitsImplementing<INotifyInfiltration>().ToArray();
 		}
 
-		protected override void TickInner(Actor self, Target target, bool targetIsDeadOrHiddenActor)
+		protected override void TickInner(Actor self, in Target target, bool targetIsDeadOrHiddenActor)
 		{
 			if (infiltrates.IsTraitDisabled)
 				Cancel(self, true);

OpenRA.Mods.Cnc/Activities/LayMines.cs

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Mods.Cnc.Activities
 		readonly Minelayer minelayer;
 		readonly AmmoPool[] ammoPools;
 		readonly IMove movement;
+		readonly IMoveInfo moveInfo;
 		readonly RearmableInfo rearmableInfo;
 
 		List<CPos> minefield;
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Mods.Cnc.Activities
 			minelayer = self.Trait<Minelayer>();
 			ammoPools = self.TraitsImplementing<AmmoPool>().ToArray();
 			movement = self.Trait<IMove>();
+			moveInfo = self.Info.TraitInfo<IMoveInfo>();
 			rearmableInfo = self.Info.TraitInfoOrDefault<RearmableInfo>();
 			this.minefield = minefield;
 		}
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ namespace OpenRA.Mods.Cnc.Activities
 				if (rearmableInfo != null && ammoPools.Any(p => p.Info.Name == minelayer.Info.AmmoPoolName && !p.HasAmmo))
 				{
 					// Rearm (and possibly repair) at rearm building, then back out here to refill the minefield some more
-					rearmTarget = self.World.Actors.Where(a => self.Owner.Stances[a.Owner] == Stance.Ally && rearmableInfo.RearmActors.Contains(a.Info.Name))
+					rearmTarget = self.World.Actors.Where(a => self.Owner.RelationshipWith(a.Owner) == PlayerRelationship.Ally && rearmableInfo.RearmActors.Contains(a.Info.Name))
 						.ClosestTo(self);
 
 					if (rearmTarget == null)
@@ -118,17 +120,17 @@ namespace OpenRA.Mods.Cnc.Activities
 		public override IEnumerable<TargetLineNode> TargetLineNodes(Actor self)
 		{
 			if (returnToBase)
-				yield return new TargetLineNode(Target.FromActor(rearmTarget), Color.Green);
+				yield return new TargetLineNode(Target.FromActor(rearmTarget), moveInfo.GetTargetLineColor());
 
 			if (minefield == null || minefield.Count == 0)
 				yield break;
 
 			var nextCell = NextValidCell(self);
 			if (nextCell != null)
-				yield return new TargetLineNode(Target.FromCell(self.World, nextCell.Value), Color.Crimson);
+				yield return new TargetLineNode(Target.FromCell(self.World, nextCell.Value), minelayer.Info.TargetLineColor);
 
 			foreach (var c in minefield)
-				yield return new TargetLineNode(Target.FromCell(self.World, c), Color.Crimson, tile: minelayer.Tile);
+				yield return new TargetLineNode(Target.FromCell(self.World, c), minelayer.Info.TargetLineColor, tile: minelayer.Tile);
 		}
 
 		static bool CanLayMine(Actor self, CPos p)